240.html

CLAS. 240 - GREEK AND LATIN ELEMENTS IN ENGLISH

Textbook: Donald M. Ayers, English Words from Latin and Greek Elements. Revised by Thomas D. Worthen. Univ. of Arizona Press, 1986.
Workbook: Helena Dettmer and Marcia Lindgren, Workbook to Accompany the Second Edition of Donald M. Ayers's English Words from Latin and Greek Elements. Univ. of Arizona Press, 1996.

THE ORIGINS OF MODERN ENGLISH	FUNDAMENTALS OF LANGUAGE	PREFIXES & SUFFIXES	LATIN ABBREVIATIONS
COMMON LATIN EXPRESSIONS	LATIN PHRASES	USA LATIN MOTTOES	COLLEGES LATIN MOTTOES

FIGURES OF SPEECH:

Alliteration; Assonance; cf. Onomatopoeia (effects of sound)
Anaphora (repetition of a word) - We cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. – A. Lincoln.
Epistrophe (repetition at the end of successive periods) - Of the people, by the people, for the people – A. Lincoln.
Asyndeton (lack conjunction) - Veni, vidi, vici. – C. J. Caesar.
Polysyndeton (multiple conjunction) - And God said, Let there be light: and there was light. And God saw the light, that it was good: and God divided the light from the darkness. And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day. – Gen. 1:3-5.
Anacoluthon (break of syntax) - And God saw the light, that it was good (ibid. 4)
Aposiopesis (abrupt interruption)
Ellipsis (omission of words that are assumed – the man he sees)
Zeugma (=joint: one predicate applied to different subjects) – Fill your tank with gas and me – with gossip.
Prolepsis (premature use of word in anticipation of its meaning in the future) - All hail, Macbeth! Hail to thee, Thane of Cawdor! – Shakespeare, Macbeth, 1:3.
Apostrophe (turn from a 3rd person statement to a 2nd person address)
Anastrophe (inversion of order - who to?)
Hysteron-proteron (inversion of the order of events)
Chiasmus (=X-crossing: symmetrical word order: [a-b-b-a]; cf. Synchysis [a-b-a-b]) - To stop too fearful, and too faint to go – Goldsmith.
Hendiadys (two meaning one and the same thing)
Hyperbole (exaggeration)
Litotes (double negative = affirmative: not uncommon)
Metaphor (transference of function)
Metonymy ( substitution of a name: Demeter = bread)
Synecdoche = Pars pro toto (part for the whole)
Oxymoron (=witty-silly)
Syncope (loss of letters/ syllables)
Tmesis (separation of a compound word)