Background

Background

Contrasting to other medical technologies, nanomedicine is a novice owing to the fact that its evolution only burst out around the 20th-21th century. The biotechnology development in the 19th century was the beginning of nanotechnology, later the nanomedicine. After the invention of the microscope, it brought human the simultaneously evolution not only in chemistry, biology, and physic but also the foundation in microelectronics and molecular biology.

Starting from then, many researchers had found ways to observe and understand closer to the cell structures and its function. Around the 1980s, due to the invention of scanning the tunneling microscope, an individual atom was shown vividly. With the new microscope, researchers and scientist were able to illustrate and control the nanoscale structure. In 1999, Robert Freitas officially used the term nanomedicine as the title of his book to imply the use of nanotechnology in medicine based on the idea of Feynman. Later in the time, the National Cancer Institute launched the nanotechnology for cancer project in 2004. In the USA, FDA has approved for the nanomedicine since 1995, however, the approval reaches its peak around 2001-2005. Nanomedicine is considered as a newly developed technology in the medical field, however, the history of its foundation of biotechnology and nanotechnology first started in the early 19th century, quite long time ago.