Readings for PHIL 301

This page lists class readings both from our textbooks and from sources beyond the textbooks. Some of these readings are required and some are optional. They include print reserves, electronic reserves, web pages, journal (=periodical) articles from the stacks in Fenwick Library, articles in electronic journal databases, and books in the GMU libraries.

Some of the materials I have listed here are supposed to be available on-line. If you try to access them and find they are not there, let me know as soon as possible.

Note: I will update this page if I find out additional items that I may place on reserve or items that become available as journal databases are upgraded.

General background on the first philosophers of ancient Greece 

Accessing electronic journals and electronic versions of print journals

Accessing e-reserves (electronic reserves) 

List of readings

Due August 28 - 30

1. McKirahan, Philosophy Before Socrates Ch. 1, 3, 4,  and 5. Required.

2. "Anaximander's Columns Page" . Required (really short). (Clicking on the title will take you to the reading.)

3. Understanding Anaximander's Astronomy and Geography: Images. These images were shown in class; here is an opportunity to get a better look at them. Because this file includes copies of copyrighted material, it is only available through the Course Content tab of our Courses 9.1/Blackboard page. Required.

General Background (relates to Ch. 1):
4. Christos Evangeliou, When Greece Met Africa. Binghamton, NY: Institute for Global Cultural Studies, 1994. On e-reserve. Optional.

5. Andrew Szegedy-Maszak, "Legends of the Greek Lawgivers." Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies 19 (1978): 199-209. On e-reserve. Optional

6. Gerard Naddaf, The Greek Concept of Nature. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2005. Optional. Available in Fenwick Library. 

Thales (Ch. 3):
7. Thomas Worthen, "Herodotos' Report on Thales' Eclipse," on-line article in Electronic Antiquity: Communicating the Classics, vol. 3 no. 7, May 1977 . Optional . (Clicking on the title will take you to the article.)

8. Gerald Feinberg, "Physics and the Thales Problem." Journal of Philosophy 63, no. 1 (1966): 5-16. Available on-line through JSTOR. Optional.

9. D.R. Dicks, "Thales." Classical Quarterly 9 (1959): 294-309. Available on-line through JSTOR. Optional.

10. Dmitri Panchenko, "Thales and the Origin of Theoretical Reasoning." Configurations 1 (1993): 387-414. Available on-line through Project Muse. Recommended.

11. S.H. Rosen, "Thales." Arion 1 (1962): 48-64. Available online via JSTOR. Optional.  

12. Aryeh Finkelberg, "Anaximander's Conception of the Apeiron." Phronesis 38 (1993): 229-256. Available online via IngentaConnect and via JSTOR. Optional.

13. Gerard Naddaf, "On the Origin of Anaximander's Cosmological Model." Journal of the History of Ideas 59 (1998): 1-28. Available online via JSTOR and via Project Muse. Also available on-line through Project Muse. Recommended but not required.

14. Dirk Couprie, "The Visualization of Anaximander's Astronomy." Apeiron 28 (1995): 159-182. Available online via JSTOR. Recommended but not required. Note: There are at least two different journals titled Apeiron. Be sure to use JSTOR to access this article.

15. Dirk Couprie, "Anaximander's Discovery of Space." In A. Preus, ed., Essays in Ancient Greek Philosophy VI: Before Plato. SUNY Series in Ancient Greek Philosophy. Albany: SUNY Press, 2001. Recommended

16. Robert Hahn, Anaximander and the Architects. SUNY Series in Ancient Greek Philosophy. Albany: SUNY Press, 2001. On print reserve at the JC Library. Optional. A great resource if you're interested in Anaximander; Greek, Egyptian, Near Eastern, or North African technology; archeology; etc.

17. Dirk Couprie, Robert Hahn, and Gerard Naddaf, Anaximander in Context. SUNY Series in Ancient Greek Philosophy. Albany: SUNY Press, 2003. On print reserve at the JC Library. Recommended.

18.  Joyce Engmann, "Cosmic Justice in Anaximander." Phronesis 36 (1991): 1-25. Available online via JSTOR. Optional.

19. Optional, though it isn't reading: The Aperion Project is a collaboration that creates music based on themes from ancient cultures and pre-Socratic philosophy, among other inspirations. Their main web site is here: http://aperionproject.org/ ; the piece that inspired me to ask their permission to link to their site is "Anaximander's Lament," found as a free and legal download here. Enjoy! Thanks are due to Brandon Rizzo and the Aperion Project for their music, and to Mr. Rizzo for permission to link to his pages. (Note: Both Mr. Rizzo and I realize that the Greek word απειρον, alpha-pi-epsilon-iota-rho-omicron-nu, is properly transliterated as apeiron, not aperion.)


 Due September 4

1. McKirahan, Philosophy Before Socrates Ch. 6. Required.

2. One or both of these descriptions of the felting process:
Either Gleason's Fine Woolies felting page OR Outback Fibers Beginning Felt-Making Instructions page (includes video). Viewing either one (your choice) is required.

3. Daniel Graham, "A New Look at Anaximenes." History of Philosophy Quarterly 20 (2003): 1-20. Available online via JSTOR. Recommended but not required.


Due September 4 - 6

1. McKirahan, Philosophy Before Socrates Ch. 7. Required.

2. J.H. Lesher, Xenophanes of Colophon. On reserve in the JC. Optional.

3. R. Vaas, "Time Before Time: Classifications of universes in contemporary cosmology, and how to avoid the antinomy of the beginning and eternity of the world." Optional. On the relevance of ancient Greek accounts for understanding scientific problems of today - problems modern philosophy did not address, according to Vaas.


Due September 6 - 11

1. McKirahan, Philosophy Before Socrates Ch. 9. Required.

2. Hugly and Sayward, "Did the Greeks Discover the Irrationals?" Philosophy: The Journal of the Royal Institute of Philosophy 74 (issue 288) (1999): 169-176. Available through JSTOR. Required.

3. Charles Kahn, Pythagoras and the Pythagoreans. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2001. In Fenwick Library. Optional.

4. Walter Burkert, Lore and Science in Ancient Pythagoreanism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1972. On print reserve at JC Library. Optional.

5. Crocker, "Pythagorean Mathematics and Music." The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 22.2 (1963): 189-198 (Part I) and 22.3 (1964): 325-335 (Part II). Available through JSTOR. Part I is recommended; Part II is optional.

6. Christoph Riedweg, Pythagoras. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2005. On print reserve at the JC Library. Optional.


 Due September 11 - 13

1. McKirahan, Philosophy Before Socrates Ch. 10. Required.

2. R. Singh, "Herakleitos and the Law of Nature." Journal of the History of Ideas 24 (1963): 457-472. Required if you don't read #3 below; optional if you do. Available via JSTOR.

3. H. Granger, "Heraclitus' Quarrel with Polymathy and 'Historiê'." Transactions of the American Philological Association 134 (2004): 235-261. Required if you don't read #2 above; optional if you do. Available via JSTOR, ProQuest Research Library, and Project Muse.

4. Charles Kahn, The Art and Thought of Heraclitus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. On print reserve at JC Library. Optional.


 Due September 18 - 20

1. McKirahan, Philosophy Before Socrates Ch. 11, 12, 15. Required.

2. "Notes on the Eleatics (Parmenides, Zeno, and Melissus)." Required. (Clicking on the title will take you to the reading.)

3. Another translation of the fragments of Parmenides. Required. (Clicking on the title will take you to the reading.)

4. Patricia Curd, "Parmenidean Monism." Phronesis 36 (1991): 241-264. Available online via JSTORRecommended.

5. Patricia Curd, The Legacy of Parmenides, second edition. Las Vegas, NV: Parmenides Publishing, 2004. On print reserve at the JC Library. Optional.

6. Malcolm Schofield, "Did Parmenides Discover Eternity?" Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 52 (1970): 113-135. On e-reserve. Optional.

7. Arnold Hermann, To Think Like God. Parmenides Press, 2004. Optional.

8. N. Booth, "Did Melissus Believe in Incorporeal Being?" American Journal of Philology 79 (1958): 61-65. Available on-line through JSTOROptional.

9. F.A. Shamsi, "A Note on Aristotle, Physics 239b5-7: What Exactly Was Zeno's Argument of the Arrow?" Ancient Philosophy 14 (1994): 51-72. Available online via Philosophy Documentation Center Collection. Recommended.

10. Alba Papa-Grimaldi, "Why Mathematical Solutions of Zeno's Paradoxes Miss the Point." Review of Metaphysics 50 (1996): 299-314. Available on-line through JSTOR,  Expanded Academic ASAP, and Infotrac Onefile. Optional

11. Trish Glazebrook, "Zeno Against Mathematical Physics." Journal of the History of Ideas 62 (2001): 193-210. Available online via JSTOR. Recommended
 

 Due Sept. 25 - Oct. 4

1. McKirahan, Philosophy Before Socrates Chapters 13, 14, and 18. Required.

2. Simon Trepanier, "The Structure of Empedocles' Fragment 17."  Essays in Philosophy 1 (2000:  1-16. Available online through Directory of Open Access Journals. Required.

3. "Notes on Anaxagoras and Philolaus." Required. (Clicking on the title will take you to the reading.)

4. D.W. Graham and E. Hintz, "Anaxagoras and the Solar Eclipse of 478 BC." Apeiron 40 (2007): 319-344. Required. Available online via JSTOR.

5. John Sisko, "Anaxagoras Betwixt Parmenides and Plato." Philosophy Compass 5 (2010): 432-442. Available online via Wiley Online Library. Recommended.

6. John Sisko, "Anaxagoras on Matter, Motion, and Multiple Worlds." Philosophy Compass 5 (2010): 443-454. Available online via Wiley. Highly recommended.

7. Ava Chitwood, "The Death of Empedocles." American Journal of Philology 107 (1986): 175-191. Available on-line through JSTOR. Recommended.

8. M.R. Wright, Empedocles: The Extant Fragments. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett, 1995. On print reserve at the JC Library. Optional.

9. J.H. Lesher, "Mind's Knowledge and Powers of Control in Anaxagoras DK B12." Phronesis 40 (1995): 125-142. Available online via JSTOR. Highly recommended (don't worry about the Greek words; Lesher translates them).

10. Patricia Curd, Anaxagoras of Clazomenae. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2007. On print reserve at the JC Library. Optional.

11. Carl Huffman, Philolaus of Croton. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. On print reserve at JC Library. Optional.

12. Walter Burkert, Lore and Science in Ancient Pythagoreanism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1972. On print reserve at JC Library. Optional.

13. Carl Huffman, "The Role of Number in Philolaus' Philosophy." Phronesis 33 (1988): 1-30. Available online through JSTOR. Recommended.



due October 4 - October 11

1. Plato, Euthyphro (in Five Dialogues). Required.

2. "Notes on Plato's Euthyphro." Required. (Clicking on the title will take you to the reading.)

3. Marlo Lewis, "An Interpretation of Plato's Euthyphro: Part One." Interpretation 12 (1984): 225-259. On e-reserve. Now also available in the online database Freely Accessible Social Science Journals. Recommended. Note: There are several journals titled Interpretation; be sure to access this one either via e-reserve or via Freely Accessible Social Science Journals.

4. ______. "An Interpretation of Plato's Euthyphro: Part Two." Interpretation 13 (1985): 33-65. On e-reserve. Now also available in the online database Freely Accessible Social Science Journals.  Recommended. Note: There are several journals titled Interpretation; be sure to access this one either via e-reserve or via Freely Accessible Social Science Journals.

5. If you have never studied Plato before, you may find it helpful to read the dialogues Apology of Socrates and Crito in Five Dialogues.


Due October 11 - November 1

1. Plato, Phaedo (in Five Dialogues). Required.

2. Michael Davis, "Socrates' Pre-Socratism." Review of Metaphysics 33 (1980): pages 559-577. Available online via JSTOR. Recommended but not required.

3. James Arieti, "A Dramatic Interpretation of Plato's Phaedo." Illinois Classical Studies 11 (1986): 129-142. On e-reserve. Recommended.

4. Diskin Clay, "Plato's First Words." Yale Classical Studies 29 (1992): 113-129. On e-reserve. Optional.

5. Charles Griswold, "E Pluribus Unum? On the Platonic 'Corpus.'" Ancient Philosophy 19 (1999): 361-397. Available online via Philosophy Documentation Center Collection. Highly recommended that you at least skim this.
 
 

  Due November 6 - 27

1. Your primary text, Aristotle's Metaphysics Book A, also known as Metaphysics Book I, can be found by following this link and clicking on Book I. This translation is by the great Aristotle scholar W.D. Ross. Required.

2. Here are some notes I have prepared on Metaphysics Book I, Chapters 1-2. Required.

3. Here are some further notes I have prepared on Metaphysics Book I, Chapter 3. Recommended.


Due November 27 - December 6

1. Lucretius, On the Nature of the Universe. Required.   



General background on the first philosophers of ancient Greece

1. G.S. Kirk, J.E. Raven, and M. Schofield, The Presocratic Philosophers, 2d ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1983. On print reserve at JC Library. Optional.

2. Jonathan Barnes, The Presocratic Philosophers, revised ed. New York and London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1982. On print reserve at JC Library. Optional.

3. Aryeh Finkelberg, "On the History of the Greek KOSMOS." Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 98 (1998): 103-136. Available on-line through JSTOR. Optional.

4. M.L. West, "Three Presocratic Cosmologies." Classical Quarterly 13 (1963): 154-176. Available on-line through JSTOR. Optional.

5. R. Martin, "The Seven Sages as Performers of Wisdom." Pages 198-127 in Cultural Poetics in Ancient Greece. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. In Fenwick Library. Optional.

6. Daniel Graham, Explaining the Cosmos. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2006. On print reserve at the JC Library. Optional.


Accessing electronic journals and electronic versions of print journals

1. A "journal," in the sense in which the term is used in academic research, is a periodical: a publication that comes out one or more times a year to present short pieces (articles) of research by scholars. To see which journals have issues available to GMU electronically, go to the GMU Library main page, http://library.gmu.edu. Click on "e-journals" (under "Research Tools," left side of the page) and follow instructions from there.

2. Three databases that will be very useful for this class are JSTOR, ProQuest Research Library, and Project Muse, Expanded Academic ASAP, and Infotrac Onefile. Many articles I have listed here can be found on one or the other of these databases, as noted. To reach them, go to the GMU Library main page, http://library.gmu.edu. Under the heading Research Databases, click on Alphabetical List. Then click on J for JSTOR, P for Project Muse, etc. Scroll down to what you want and follow instructions. If you're trying to log onto those databases from off-campus, you will be asked to enter your GMU username and password - the same ones you use for your GMU email account. (That should not happen on-campus.)
 


Accessing electronic reserves ("e-reserves")

1. Electronic reserves are not the same thing as electronic journals. Electronic reserves are single periodical articles that I have given to the library to scan and place on their e-reserve web site. I have done this when the GMU library does not have a print copy of the periodical in the stacks and the periodical is not already available electronically via JSTOR or Project Muse.

2. To find the e-reserves for PHIL 301, go to http://library.gmu.edu and click on e-reserves.

3. Then click on the magnifying glass icon or the text Search electronic reserves.

4. Using the drop-down box marked Instructor, select Cherubin. Select any section of PHIL 301.

5. Enter the password, which I will give you in class. (I'm not permitted to post the password on this page because use of these reserve readings is supposed to be restricted to my classes.)

6. Click submit to view the list of items on e-reserve for the course.

7. To view an article, click on the PDF button next to the title. (You will need Adobe Acrobat Reader to view the articles. All computers in the Fenwick and Johnson Center Libraries have Acrobat Reader installed. If you're trying to access the articles and don't have Acrobat Reader where you are, you can download it - for free - from the page that lists the articles.)