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1. Center for Devices and Radiological Health. (2024, September 6). Augmented reality and virtual reality in medical devices. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/augmented-reality-and-virtual-reality-medical-devices This FDA source provides valuable information regarding augmented and virtual reality, explaining their potential impact on healthcare. It demonstrates that these new types of technology, such as VR, will provide new treatments and diagnostics, changing how and where care is delivered. Physicians, patients, and caregivers can also enlist AR/VR to help them prepare for or perform specific treatments or procedures. This source is helpful because it explains how VR impacts medical devices. Also, there are risks related to using the devices, such as physical and visual issues.
2. Deighan, M. T., Simpson, D., Brigden, A., & Cater, K. (2024). Perspectives of healthcare professionals on the use of immersive virtual reality in teenage and young adult oncology: a qualitative interview study. BMC Digital Health, 2(1), 1- https://doi.org/10.1186/s44247-024-00071-2 This article provides information on the applications of VR in healthcare and how it continues to grow. It also provides challenges from the perspective of clinicians and healthcare staff, specifically from teenage and young adult oncology. This study focuses on the knowledge gap regarding the use of VR in cancer care by interviewing different medical staff. The study demonstrated that despite the effort to adopt VR, many practical and ethical challenges must be addressed to implement VR in hospitals successfully. This is relevant to this present research paper because it provides that while staff in the medical field are open and receptive to using VR systems, there are many other aspects of VR to explore and challenges to address.
3. How Virtual Reality in Healthcare Is Changing Medicine | Built In. (n.d.). Builtin.com. https://builtin.com/articles/ar-virtual-reality-healthcare This source provides information on how VR is used in different medical treatments and procedures, such as mental health and within the autistic community. It explains that VR has become a convenient mental health tool for treating conditions such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It also emphasizes that VR is a rapidly advancing technology. This source is helpful as it shows that VR is versatile and can expand into different areas within the healthcare environment. Also, it provides that doctors may implement more VR use as it advances and more people become familiar with the tools.
4. Kammler-Sücker, K. I., Löffler, A., & Flor, H. (2023). Effects of personalized movement models in virtual reality on pain expectancy and motor behavior in patients with chronic back pain: a feasibility study. Virtual Reality: The Journal of the Virtual Reality Society, 27(4), 3581-3598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-023-00800-4 This study is based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Including chronic pain addressed by teaching patients to reduce pain behaviors by exploring if personalized virtual movement models, similar to VR, can influence fear of pain, motor avoidance, and movement-related pain and function. This study was a randomized controlled trial, with participants in which self-reported pain expectancy, engagement, functional capacity, and pain during movements, were analyzed along with range of motion. The study explained that personalized virtual movement models may provide an additional tool for exposure and exercise treatments. This is relevant because VR is a valuable tool for pain management treatment.
5. NextMed Health. (2023, June 10). The Future of VR/AR & Extended Reality in Healthcare | Rafael Grossmann at NextMed Health. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmSIMBGwW_Y This video source, Dr. Rafael Grossmann, provides an overview of the emerging possibilities for AR/VR (Extended Reality). He is a surgeon and educator who uses VR in surgical and medical education environments. He speaks about closing the gaps in healthcare and education through technology and humanity. He used examples of how airplane pilots use VR simulators to train and compared how it will expand in the near future in the medical environment, especially in surgery. This source is relevant because more medical professionals are speaking and supporting using these technologies to advance the medical field when treating patients.
6. Rudschies, C., & Schneider, I. (2024). Ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of virtual agents and virtual reality in healthcare. Social Science & Medicine, 340, 116483. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116483 This article provides information that VR applications broaden the opportunities in healthcare from the analog world into a virtual realm. Also, it gives consideration to the legal, ethical, security, and social aspects of VR. Specifically, the doctor-patient relationship, privacy and data protection, justice, fairness, and equal access. Also, issues of accountability, liability, and safety will be discussed within a review of the existing literature to analyze the ethical, social, and legal ramifications of VR applications in healthcare. This article is relevant to the current paper because it provides current legal and ethical concerns regarding medical practices when using VR systems and how they will impact the expansion in the future. It also raises different relevant social implications, such as language barriers and physical limitations regarding people with disabilities.
7. Virtual Reality Security - IEEE Digital Reality. (n.d.). Digitalreality.ieee.org. https://digitalreality.ieee.org/publications/virtual-reality-security This source provides information about security threats. Including how to address the threats and safeguard information when using the VR system. It provides a perspective on how rapidly evolving VR (augmented reality) can be used for good or bad purposes. It also offers suggestions and tips for good security and staying safe when using virtual reality. This source is relevant because it sheds light on cybersecurity, physical security, and general use. This would also be a concern regarding user security issues in a healthcare environment.