Bibliography - Fahd M. Saleem
1) HOW ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CAN DETECT - AND CREATE - FAKE NEWS. (2018, Aug 04). US Fed News Service, Including US State News Retrieved September 10, 2018 from https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/2082561464?accountid=14541 This newspaper covers in through detail how AI through deep fakes can assist in the creation of fake news. It also goes to elaborate on how to differentiate between the information of deep fake videos to conclude its authenticity. The source is reliable due to it being published by the United States Federal news service, going to show further how huge the issue is on a country-wide scale. In summary, it contributes to my research by exemplifying the adverse effect of deep fakes. Also, through the negative effects such as fake news, and how it can be combated in attempts to resolve the bigger issue at hand of deep fakes.
2)Foer, F. (2018, 05). REALITY'S END. The Atlantic Monthly, 321, 15-18. Retrieved September 10, 2018 from https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/2080197716?accountid=14541 This source is a reputable magazine publication from well-known author Franklin Foer. Receiving his education from the prestigious Columbia University, Foer currently is residing as a staff writer for The Atlantic. Throughout his magazine publication, the central idea of how advances in deep learning are making deep fakes indistinguishable. Thus, contributing to reality’s ultimate demise from the abundance of fake news & deep fakes. Much of the publication conveys how manipulated video results in conflict between what’s authentic or not and provides examples to back up the claim showing its reliability as a source.
3)House oversight and government reform subcommittee on information technology hearing. (2018). (). Washington: Federal Information & News Dispatch, Inc. Retrieved from Research Library Retrieved September 10, 2018 from https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/2026918302?accountid=14541 The reviewed report focuses directly on the many beneficial uses of AI. It also regards back to the issue of deep fakes showing its impact on society specifically in the political field. It also provides a counter-argument showing that it offers many benefits. For example, by stating changes that could be applied for the AI deep learning to be reliable yet safe. Much of the article provides textual features to enhance the credibility of the source through textual elements. Logos, for example, is one textual feature prevalent through much of the report, its use ultimately betters the reliability of the source as a whole.
4)What if AI made actors immortal? (2018, Jul 05). The Economist (Online), Retrieved September 10, 2018 from https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/2064401228?accountid=14541 Uniquely this magazine by London’s well known “The Economist,” exemplifies the potential benefits of deep fakes in the film entertainment industry. In summary, it shows how deep fakes can be used to make the work of actors live on, showing its positive use. The opposing negatives it shows through stating the cons of the technology helps build the credibility of the source. This is because acknowledging both points of views shows the cause is not biased and therefore reliable to both audiences. It also provides intricate use of factual appeal to build on the ethos or credibility of the magazine publication.
5)Phil's stock world: Detecting 'deepfake' videos in the blink of an eye (2018). . Chatham: Newstex. Retrieved September 10, 2018 from https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/2095624709?accountid=14541 This weblog provides a captivating method to detect deep fakes. It briefly introduces the topic of deep fakes giving a straightforward stance on the issue. Throughout much of the blog, it talks about how machines can be used to detect the issue. It extensively shows the vulnerabilities deep fakes have interpreting blinks and as a result do not blink as often as real individuals will. Through these finding, AI machines can be used against Deep fakes in attempts to solve the issue. The blog overall relies much on the ethos of the writer, but also occasionally goes to use facts & evidence to further his claim.
6)In an era of fake news, advancing face-swap apps blur more lines (2018). . Washington, D.C.: NPR. Retrieved September 10, 2018 from https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/1993644892?accountid=14541 This reasonably short interview consists of the reputable editor Samantha Cole being interviewed on the issue of deep fakes. She goes on to say how it affects the regular citizen and how they are put at risk. Risk of being put into an in-depth deep fake video, through the use of social media which leaves everyday people vulnerable. Cole overall offers excellent brief insight into the dark world of deep fakes. She also provides an alternative approach to tackle the issue. Cole recommends an extreme solution as to not putting pictures on social media as well as a more probable solution to reform laws protecting individuals. Her knowledgeable responses made in the interview together show a sense of credibility of the source, further making her argument more compelling.
https://cdn-images-1.medium.com. Retrieved November 1, 2018 from https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/2000/1*u9L_UJbV0Qfg1PZQkHna2g.png
http://ani.cursors-4u.net. Retrieved November 1, 2018 from http://ani.cursors-4u.net/cursors/cur-13/cur1152.png
https://cfrd8-files.cfr.org. Retrieved November 1, 2018 from https://cfrd8-files.cfr.org/sites/default/files/styles/article_header_l_16x9_600px/public/image/2018/10/Deepfakes.jpg
http://zentrade.online. Retrieved November 1, 2018 from http://zentrade.online/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Deep-Fakes-and-the-Fight-for-Truth-Online.png
https://i2.wp.com/techuerydecode.com. Retrieved November 1, 2018 from https://i2.wp.com/techuerydecode.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/robot-3010309_1920.jpg?fit=640%2C427&ssl=1
http://funettech.pk. Retrieved November 1, 2018 from http://funettech.pk/images/gallery/20/thumb-500_F_84517548_T640suBkwC91B36EK9YzYpvwSiBB3nVN.jpg
https://www.iotforall.com. Retrieved November 1, 2018 from https://www.iotforall.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Artifical-Intelligence.-Machine-Learning-and-Deep-Learning-696x435.png
http://erindickey.com. Retrieved November 1, 2018 from http://erindickey.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Hillary-1.jpg The image of Hillary Clinton shows how even political figures are prone to being subjects of deep fake technology. The image is a prominent example that not only common individuals can be used in deep fakes but anyone in general. It goes to show how anyone voice & image can be distorted and manipulated by deep learning in order to create deep fakes. Moreover, it exemplifies the prominence of the technology in today's world. Overall it concludes the social impact as well as the background on how the technology works as a whole.
https://blog.malwarebytes.com. Retrieved November 1, 2018 from https://blog.malwarebytes.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/MachineLearning-900x506.jpg
https://cdn.apkmonk.com. Retrieved November 4, 2018 from https://cdn.apkmonk.com/images/com.deepfakes.dpkfak.png This image shows how the process of facial recognition is used in the AI deep learning process. It goes to show the extent and the exact facial patterns recognized in creating deep fake videos. Also showing that it is an almost exact replicated expression of facial details, showing that it's merely impossible for the human eye to see any difference in deep fakes as opposed to real life. In essence, it shows anyone is susceptible to this technology even the typical social media user. Ultimately, the image provides a call to action to the issue at hand of deep fakes in today's world.
https://textcraft.net/. Website header & Title Banners. Created November 4, 2018 from https://textcraft.net/
https://www.youtube.com/user/businessinsider. Retrieved November 4, 2018 from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3mNf1euL3vI The video used helps convey the notion of the prevalent deep fakes in today's online media sources. The video provides an excellent example of how deep fakes can be used to make anyone or any political figure say or do anything. As a result, the video not only provides a prominent example, but it shows that even president Obamas' voice can be manipulated. The research shows how easy it can be to make an in-depth fake video. In conclusion, reveals the horrific possibilities which could result from this harsh technology.(Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use.)
