Graphics
Ma, T. (2018). Unsplash. Retrieved June 6, 2023, from https://unsplash.com/photos/macbook-pro-on-white-surface-WiONHd_zYI4.
References
Roberts, R. J. (2023). You're Only Mostly Dead: Protecting Your Digital Ghost from Unauthorized Resurrection. Federal Communications Law Journal, 75(2), 273-296.
http://mutex.gmu.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/youre-only-mostly-dead-protecting-your-digital/docview/2780917268/se-2
Annotation: The reason this reference is relevant to my research is that it talks about the usage of deep fakes and how the technology has been used to be able to bring dead people back to life, this also helps my research because the example alone that is
provided in this journal can bring up multiple ethical, moral and social issues along with potential benefits that the use of this technology could bring. This journal also brings up many potential issues of deep fakes with correspondence to law and how anyone
could make a deep fake of you without your consent or knowledge and there would be nothing that you would be able to do about it. It also lists possible solutions to deal with some of the issues that it outlined.
Sylvester, S. (2021). Don't Let Them Fake You Out: How Artificially Mastered Videos Are Becoming the Newest Threat in the Disinformation War and What Social Media Platforms Should Do About It. Federal Communications Law Journal, 73(3), 369-392.
http://mutex.gmu.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/dont-let-them-fake-you-out-how-artificially/docview/2584566077/se-2
Annotation: The reason this reference is relevant to my research is that in the beginning it shows and lists another example of the usage of deep fake technology and some of the potential issues that could arise when digitally altered media can seem so
convincing that people are unable to tell if what they are seeing is real or not. This journal also lists some of the history of deep fakes and how the technology emerged, as well as some of the pros and cons of the tech. This journal also lists some of the
issues with regulating the technology and what some companies can do about the deep fakes and how they can manage it as well. Finally, this journal also lists some actions that can be taken by social media companies to combat deep fakes.
Cross, C. (2022). Using artificial intelligence (AI) and deep fakes to deceive victims: the need to rethink current romance fraud prevention messaging. Crime Prevention and Community Safety, 24(1), 30-41.
https://doi.org/10.1057/s41300-021-00134-w
Annotation: The reason this reference is relevant to my research is that this journal goes over a very specific situation where the usage of deep fakes can harm people financially and emotionally. It also goes over the potential risks and issues if this
particular situation were to occur. This journal also goes over many different methods to try and prevent the usage of this technology in romance fraud. It also goes over some of the issues that would need to be resolved so that the problems can be
prevented from occurring in the first place. The journal also goes over what it thinks would happen if deep fakes and romance fraud were to become intertwined and what would happen due to the combination of these two things.
Mustak, Salminen, J., Mäntymäki, M., Rahman, A., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2023). Deep fakes: Deceptions, mitigations, and opportunities. Journal of Business Research, 154, 113368–.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.113368
Annotation: The reason this reference is relevant to my research is that this article goes over the threats posed by deep fakes, how to reduce those threats, and the potential opportunities that arise from this technology. This article also presents
positive and negative examples where deep fakes are used. It also goes over some of the threats that firms and clients would face from deep fakes and it also goes over a way to deal with the issues in each case. Finally, it also goes over positive uses for
the technology and how firms and clients could use the technology to their benefit.
Kietzmann, Mills, A. J., & Plangger, K. (2021). Deep fakes: perspectives on the future “reality” of advertising and branding. International Journal of Advertising, 40(3), 473–485.
https://doi.org/10.1080/02650487.2020.1834211
Annotation: The reason this reference is relevant to my research is that this article goes over how deep fakes would impact advertising and what would be some of the negatives and positives would arise from the usage of deep fakes in advertising. This
article also lists multiple examples of deep fakes of famous people. This article then goes over the basics of deep fakes and how they would affect certain concepts of advertising and how there are many opportunities to use deep fakes but there are
potential downsides and risks associated with using it for advertising.
Summerville. (2019). “Deep fakes” Trigger a Race to Fight Manipulated Photos and Videos; Startups and government agencies are researching ways to combat doctored images ahead of the 2020 election. The Wall Street Journal. Eastern Edition.
Annotation: The reason this reference is relevant to my research is that this newspaper goes over how different organizations, agencies, and people are trying to figure out how to be able to identify deep fakes before the technology becomes so good that it
is almost impossible to tell if it is real or fake. It then also shows a real-world example and how Facebook decided to deal with it and what it decided to do about it.
Letzing, J. (2021, April 21). How to tell reality from a Deep fake?. World Economic Forum.
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/04/are-we-at-a-tipping-point-on-the-use-of-deep fakes/
Annotation: The reason this reference is relevant to my research is that this article goes over specific statistics on deep fakes like how the use and study of them have increased dramatically over the years. This article also mentions how much it would
cost to make a “professional” deep fake and it gave an example of the use of the technology in popular media. It also mentions how different organizations and governments have tried to deal with deep fakes.
This is not Morgan Freeman - A Deepfake Singularity. (2021). YouTube. Retrieved June 5, 2023, from
https://youtu.be/oxXpB9pSETo.
Annotation: The reason this reference is relevant to my research is that this video shows an example of the potential uses and it also shows the potential effectiveness of the technology and how it could still improve in the future. This source also gave me
a better understanding of how the technology works and what is needed to recreate a deep fake, along with how you can be able to make someone say anything just by having their voice online.
Jonah Peretti, J., & Sosa, J. (2018). You Won’t Believe What Obama Says In This Video. BuzzFeed. Retrieved June 5, 2023, from
https://www.buzzfeed.com/watch/video/52602
Annotation: The reason this reference is relevant to my research is that this video shows another example of how convincing you can make a video look to deceive people, while it also gave me a better understanding of some of the potential risks that are
posed from this technology. It also shows in a more well-known example of how they can make anyone say anything. This video proves how well you can mimic people with just having videos and audio files of the person.
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