Rethinking English: “World Cultures” Resources/Alok Yadav, for the “world cultures” subcommittee (17 May 2003)

 

This resource list grows out of an on-going project at George Mason Univeristy (GMU) to rethink the current shape and future directions of English studies in a context of cultural diversity (both here within the United States and in the wider global arena).  Given the character of the English department at GMU, our interest encompasses a wide range of disciplinary areas (literature, theatre, film, folklore, composition, creative writing), though these areas are very unevenly represented in what follows.


 

There is now a large body of work that takes up particular aspects of English in global contexts. The resource list that follows does not attempt the impossible task of enumerating this large and rapidly expanding body of work; instead, it seeks to gather together some material useful for scholars and teachers seeking to give more focused attention to issues of cultural diversity in their engagement with English studies. Much expanding of the boundaries of English studies has taken place at the level of concrete case studies (of particular authors or works), but this has not always resulted in significant rethinking of the scope, assumptions, and critical paradigms of English studies. The list that follows emphasizes this last kind of meta-critical work, i.e., reflections on disciplinary practice in English studies in light of issues of cultural diversity. It also includes a number of studies of particular issues and terrains that aren’t primarily focused on disciplinary revision and critique but that provide useful information and perspectives for those who are interested in such revision and critique. (Persons interested in this work might also want to consult the separate resource list of “Multicultural and World Literature Anthologies” compiled as part of this project.)


 

Every part of this resource list has been compiled in an unsystematic fashion and additional suggestions and corrections would be very welcome (contact Alok Yadav at ayadav@gmu.edu). The resource list is still in a somewhat preliminary state; nonetheless, there are several hundred citations here and there should be something of interest to most anyone interested in the general issues mentioned above.


 

This list of resources is divided into six sections, as follows:


 

United States focus (incl. “multiculturalism”)

1.Rethinking American Literary Studies/American Studies

2.Rethinking Writing, Composition, & Communication Studies

3.Rethinking American Social and Cultural History

International focus (incl. “globalization”)

4.Rethinking English/Cultural Studies in Global Contexts

5.Rethinking the English Language in Global Contexts

6.Rethinking the Global Scene


 

Some of the acts of classification within these six categories are relatively arbitrary—and some are, no doubt, mistaken—but the idea is to group together the work broadly focused on English studies as a disciplinary formation in sections 1 and 4 (for literary focus) and in section 2 (for writing & composition), and to put other relevant social and historical studies, as well as case studies of particular cultural contexts or traditions, in sections 3, 5 and 6.  (You can also access all the six categories of citations as a single file by clicking here.)


 

A very few of the items have descriptive annotations.


 
 
 
 

Rethinking American Literary Studies/American Studies:
Allen, Ray. “Unifying the Disunity: A Multicultural Approach to Teaching American Music.” American Studies 37 (1996): 135-47.

American Literature 65 (1993): 325-61: Forum: What Do We Need to Teach? [JSTOR]

American Literature 66 (1994): 769-829: Forum: Repositionings: Multiculturalism, American Literary History, and the Curriculum [JSTOR]

American Literature 67 (1995): 793-853: Forum: American Literary History: The Next Century [JSTOR], esp. Laura Romero. “Nationalism and Internationalism: Domestic Differences in a Postcolonial World” (795-800).

Bender, Thomas. “Where Is America? A Planning Conference on Internationalizing American History.” OAH Newsletter (Nov. 1997): 21.

Bender, Thomas, ed. Rethinking American History in a Global Age. Berkeley: U of California P, 2002.

reviews:

Perez, Louis A., Jr. “We Are the World: Internationalizing the Nation, Nationalizing the International.” Journal of American History 89.2 (2002): 558-66.

Bercovitch, Sacvan. “America as Canon and Context: Literary History in a Time of Dissensus.” American Literature 58 (1986): 99-107. [JSTOR]

Writing as the general editor of the Cambridge History of American Literature, projected at the time to be in 5 volumes beginning in 1989 (but now expanded to 8? volumes, the first of which appeared in 1994; volumes 1-2, 5-8 are in Fenwick Reference), Bercovitch offers an overview of some of the issues involved in the project.Relatively thin; see essays by, Annette Kolodny and Emory Elliott (below).

Brenkman, John. “Multiculturalism and Criticism.” English Inside and Out: The Places of Literary Criticism. Eds. Susan Gubar and Jonathan Kamholtz. 1993.

Cain, William E., ed. Reconceptualizing American Literary/Cultural Studies: Rhetoric, History, and Politics in the Humanities. New York: Garland, 1996.

Cheyfitz, Eric. “What Work Is There for Us to Do? American Literary Studies or Americas Cultural Studies.” American Literature 67 (1995): 843-53.

Cheyfitz, Eric. “Redistribution and the Transformation of American Studies.” Critical Theory and the Teaching of Literature: Politics, Curriculum, Pedagogy. Eds. James F. Slevin and Art Young. Urbana, IL: NCTE, 1996.

Davis, Allen F. “The Politics of American Studies.” American Quarterly 42.3 (1990): 353-74.

De La Campa, Román. “Latin, Latino, American: Split States and Global Imaginaries.” Comparative Literature 53.4 (2001): 373-88.

Desmond, Jane and Virginia Dominguez. “Resituating American Studies in a Critical Internationalism.” American Quarterly 48 (1996): 475-90.

Elliott, Emory. “New Literary History: Past and Present.” American Literature 57 (1985): 611-21. [JSTOR]

Erkkila, Betsy. “Ethnicity, Literary Theory, and the Grounds of Resistance.” American Quarterly 47.4 (1995): 563-94.

Fishkin, Shelley Fisher. “InterrogatingWhiteness,' ComplicatingBlackness': Remapping American Culture.” American Quarterly 47 (1995): 428-66.

Fluck, Winfried. “The Humanities in the Age of Expressive Individualism and Cultural Radicalism.” Cultural Critique 40 (Fall 1998): 49-71; rpt. in The Futures of American Studies. Eds. Donald E. Pease and Robyn Weigman. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002. 211-30.

Fluck, Winfried. “The Americanization of Literary Studies.” American Studies International 28 (Oct. 1999): 9-21.

Ford, Stacilee and Clyde Haulman. “’To Touch the Trends’: Internationalizing American Studies: Perspectives from Hong Kong and Asia.” American Studies International 34.2 (1996): 42-58.

George, Olakunle. “Alice Walker’s Africa: Globalization and the Province of Fiction.” Comparative Literature 53.4 (2001): 354-71. [JSTOR; ABELL]

Giles, Paul. “Reconstructing American Studies: Transnational Paradoxes, Comparative Perspectives.” Journal of American Studies 28 (1994): 335-58.

Giles, Paul. “Virtual Americas: The Internationalization of American Studies and the Ideology of Exchange.” American Quarterly 50.3 (1998): 523-47.

Giles, Paul. Virtual Americas: Transnational Fictions and the Transatlantic Imaginary. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2003.

Gish, Robert Franklin. Beyond Bounds: Cross-Cultural Essays on Anglo American, Native American, and Chicano Literature. Albuquerque: U of New Mexico P, 1996.

Green, Roland. “Wanted: A New World Studies.” American Literary History 12 (2000): 337-47.

Gura, Philip F. “Turning Our World Upside Down: Reconceiving Early American Literature.” American Literature 63 (1991): 104-12. [JSTOR]

Horwitz, Richard P. “The Politics of International American Studies.” American Studies International 31.1 (1993): 89-116.

Ickstadt, Heinz. “American Studies in an Age of Globalization.” American Quarterly 54 (2002): 543-62.

Jay, Gregory. “The End of ‘American’ Literature: Toward a Multicultural Practice.” College English 53 (Mar. 1991): 264-81.

As against a reform of American literary study in the direction of “pluralism” (i.e., recognizing the existence of multiple—but mutually independent—cultural traditions within the domain of American literature), Jay argues that “[o]ur goal should be rather to construct a multicultural and dialogical paradigm for the study of writing in the United States (264).The emphasis on the interplay among the multicultural traditions of the United States is the central thrust of his argument: “Within the boundaries of the US, the lines between cultural groups do not form impassable walls, though they often take oppressive shape.Historically these zones are an area of constant passage back and forth, as each culture borrows, imitates, exploits, subjugates, subverts, mimics, ignores, or celebrates the others.The myth of assimilation homogenizes this process by representing it as the progressive acquiescence of every other group to a dominant culture” (268).Jay adopts Gerald Graff’s notion of “teaching the conflicts” as a term for describing the pedagogy he advocates: “Facile pluralism might be avoided through demonstrations of the real conflicts between texts and cultures.I advocate courses in which the materials are chosen for the ways in which they actively interfere with each other’s experiences, languages, and values and for their power to expand the horizon of the student’s cultural literacy to encompass peoples he or she has scarcely acknowledged as real” (274).These “interference” might occur between texts, but it might also occur within a given text: e.g., Tillie Olsen’s Tell Me a Riddle (1961) in which “the contrast between Jewish-American and Mexican-American assimilation unfolds a multicultural fable of the politics of recollected identities” (273).“Clearly a multicultural reconception of ‘Writing in the United States’ will lead us to change drastically or eventually abandon the conventional historical narratives, period designations, and major themes and authors previously dominating ‘American literature’” (275).

Jay, Gregory S. American Literature and the Culture Wars. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1997.

Jay, Paul. “The Myth of ‘America’ and the Politics of Location: Modernity, Border Studies, and the Literature of the Americas.” Arizona Quarterly 54 (1998): 165-92.

Kaplan, Amy. “Left Alone with America: The Absence of Empire in the Study of American Culture.” Cultures of United States Imperialism. Eds. Amy Kaplan and Donald E. Pease. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1993. 3-21.

Kaplan, Amy and Donald E. Pease, eds. Cultures of United States Imperialism. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1993.

King, Richard C., ed. Postcolonial America. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 2000.

Kolodny, Annette. “The Integrity of Memory: Creating a New Literary History of the United States.” American Literature 57 (1985): 291-307. [JSTOR]

Kolodny, Annette. “Letting Go of Our Grand Obsessions: Notes Toward a New Literary History of the American Frontiers.”American Literature 64 (1992): 1-18. [JSTOR]

Laguardia, Gari and Bell Gale Chevigny. Introduction. Reinventing the Americas: Comparative Studies of Literature in the United States and Spanish America. Ed. Chevigny and Laguardia. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1986. 3-33.

Lauter, Paul. “The Literatures of America--A Comparative Discipline.” Redefining American Literary History. Eds. A. LaVonne Brown Ruoff and Jerry W. Ward, Jr. New York: MLA, 1990. 9-34; rev. version in his Canons and Contexts. New York: Oxford UP, 1991. 48-96.

Lauter, Paul, ed. Reconstructing American Literature: Courses, Syllabi, Issues. Old Westbury, NY: Feminist P, 1983.

Lenz, Günter H. “Transnational American Studies: Negotiating Cultures of Difference—Multicultural Identities, Communities, and Border Discourses.” Multiculturalism in Transit: A German-American Exchange. Eds. Klaus J. Milich and Jeffrey M. Peck. New York: Berghahn, 1998. 129-66.

Lenz, Günter H. “Toward a Dialogics of International American Culture Studies: Transnationality, Border Discourses, and Public Culture(s).” Amerikastudien/American Studies 44.1 (1999): 5-23; rpt. in The Futures of American Studies. Eds. Donald E. Pease and Robyn Weigman. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002. 461-85.

Lenz, Günter R., et al. “Transculturations: American Studies in a Globalizing World—The Globalizing World in American Studies.” Amerikastudien 47.1 (2002): 97-119.

Limerick, Patricia Nelson. “Frontier.” A Companion to American Thougth. Eds. Richard Wightman Fox and James T. Kloppenberg. Oxford: Blackwell, 1995. 255-59.

Limerick, Patricia Nelson. “Insiders and Outsiders: The Borders of the USA and the Limits of the ASA: Presidential Address to the American Studies Association 31 October 1996.” American Quarterly 49.3 (1997): 449-69.

Lowe, Lisa. “The International within the National: American Studies and Asian American Critique.” Cultural Critique 40 (Fall 1998): 29-47; rpt. in The Futures of American Studies. Eds. Donald E. Pease and Robyn Weigman. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002. 76-92.

Mackenthun, Gesa. “Adding Empire to the Study of American Culture.” Journal of American Studies 30 (1996): 263-69.

Mailloux, Steven. “Making Comparisons: First Contact, Ethnocentrism, and Cross-Cultural Communication.” Post-Nationalist American Studies. Ed. John Carlos Rowe. Berkeley: U of California P, 2000. 110-25 (plus syllabus, 126-28).

Uses Rorty to discuss two aspects of ethnocentrism—hermeneutic and political—in the activity of cultural comparison.Mailloux accepts the inevitability of hermeneutic ethnocentrism, drawing on the relativist and antifoundationalist “sophistic” tradition of rhetoric, since the act of comparison takes place in relation to criteria or standards that are always specific to a particular historical community: “at any point in the [cultural] space/time continuum, our own web of vocabularies, beliefs, and desires—the communal and individual subjects/agents that we are—comprise the delimiting and enabling conditions of our comparative activities.We can never stand completely outside all cultural positions objectively comparing our ethnos with another alien one, but neither are we free to actualize any position whatsoever or convincingly make any comparisons we want through some imagined freedom of absolute relativism.We are ‘we’ because of our being positioned within a culture in a particular set of practices // that empowers and constrains acts of interpretive and evaluative comparison” (117-18).While he acknowledges that this situation can produce unjust evaluations (as Lyotard emphasizes through his notion of a “differend”), Mailloux denies that it can produce incommensurability, complete failure of communication: “No community can be so different from // another than cross-cultural communication is in principle forever doomed to fail” (120-21).Mailloux raises large and important theoretical issues, but it’s not exactly clear what the implications of his argument are at the level of practice (cross-cultural interpretive practice).

Menand, Louis. “Diversity.” Critical Terms for Literary Study. Eds. Frank Lentricchia and Thomas McLaughlin. 2nd edn. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1995. 336-53.

Mergen, Bernard. “Can American Studies Be Globalized?” American Studies 41.2-3 (Summer/Fall 2000).

Michaels, Walter Benn. Our America: Nativism, Modernism and Pluralism. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1995.

Morrison, Toni. Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination. New York: Random House, 1993.

Newfield, Christopher and Ronald Strickland, eds. After Political Correctness: The Humanities and Society in the 1990s. Boulder, CO: Westview P, 1995.

O’Hearn, Claudine Chiawei. Half and Half: Writers on Growing Up Biracial and Bicultural. New York: Pantheon, 1998.

Ortíz, Ricardo L. “Hemispheric Vertigo: Cuba, Quebec, and Other Provisional Reconfigurations of ‘Our’ New America(s).” The Futures of American Studies. Eds. Donald E. Pease and Robyn Weigman. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002. 327-40.

Pease, Donald. “National Identities, Postmodern Artifacts, and Postnational Narratives.” National Identities and Post-Americanist Narratives. Ed. Donald Pease. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1994. 1-13.

Pease, Donald. “C.L.R. James, Moby Dick, and the Emergence of Transnational American Studies.” Arizona Quarterly 56.3 (2000): 93-123; rpt. in The Futures of American Studies. Eds. Donald E. Pease and Robyn Weigman. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002. 135-63.

Pease, Donald. “The Politics of Postnational American Studies.” European Journal of American Studies 20.2 (2001): 78-90.

Pease, Donald E., ed. National Identities and Post-Americanist Narratives. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1994.

Pease, Donald and Robyn Wiegman, eds. The Futures of American Studies. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002.

Peyser, Thomas. Utopia and Cosmopolis: Globalization in the Era of American Literary Realism.

reviews:

Diller, Christopher. Nineteenth-Century Literature 56.1 (2001): 110-14.

Giles, Paul. Journal of American Studies 36.1 (2002): 177-78.

Porter, Carolyn. “What We Know That We Don’t Know: Remapping American Literary Studies.” American Literary History 3 (1994): 467-526.

Rowe, John Carlos. “A Future for American Studies: Comparative U.S. Cultures Model.” American Studies in Germany: European Contexts and Intercultural Relations. Eds. Günter H. Lenz and Klaus J. Milich. New York: St. Martin’s P, 1995. 262-78.

Rowe, John Carlos. “Post-Nationalism, Globalism, and the New American Studies.” Cultural Critique 40 (Fall 1998): 11-27; rpt. in Post-Nationalist American Studies. Ed. John Carlos Rowe. Berkeley: U of California P, 2000. 23-37 (plus syllabus, 38-39); rpt. in The Futures of American Studies. Eds. Donald E. Pease and Robyn Weigman. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002. 167-82.

Rowe, John Carlos, ed. Post-Nationalist American Studies. Berkeley: U of California P, 2000.

Emphasizing the need to connect “the research and teaching components of the new American Studies” (x), this volume brings together critical essays and syllabi for sample (imaginary) courses that embody the outlook presented in the essays: “’How would you develop a course out of these ideas?’ was the question we asked ourselves” (xi).Notes omissions in the volume: Native American Studies; Western hemisphere approaches (e.g., Caribbean, Latin American, Canadian comparativist studies) (xii).The contributors seek “to contribute to a version of American Studies that is less insular and parochial, and more internationalist and comparative.In this sense, our efforts to formulate a post-nationalist American Studies respond to and seek to revise the cultural nationalism and celebratory American exceptionalism that often informed the work of American Studies scholars in the Cold War era” (2).

Saldívar, José David. The Dialectics of Our America: Genealogy, Cultural Critique, and Literary History. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1991.

Saldívar, José David. Border Matters: Remapping American Cultural Studies. Berkeley: U of California P, 1997.

Sánchez, George J. “Creating the Multicultural Nation: Adventures in Post-Nationalist American Studies in the 1990s.” Post-Nationalist American Studies. Ed. John Carlos Rowe. Berkeley: U of California P, 2000. 40-58 (plus syllabus, 59-62).

A useful discussion of the claims of Ethnic Studies programs and particular areas of study (African American Studies, Latino/a and Chicano/a Studies, Native American Studies, Asian American Studies) vis-à-vis the current move towards a “post-nationalist” or “cosmopolitan” emphasis in American Studies.Sánchez’s discussion illuminates how vexed these issues are, how much they are overdetermined by various agendas, and how moves to a revised and multicultural American Studies can work to marginalize (once again) the perspectives brought into academic circulation by advocates of Ethnic Studies programs.“[I]f a true conversation is to exist between Ethnic Studies and American Studies,” he writes, “we must collectively fight off the tendency to collapse difference into some new nationalist paradigm, even if ‘multicolored’” (56).

Sandoval, Chela. “U.S. Third World Feminism: The Theory and Method of Oppositional Consciousness in the Postmodern World.” Genders 10 (1991): 1-24.

Sharpe, Jenny. “Is the United States Postcolonial? Transnationalism, Immigration, and Race.” Diaspora 4.2 (Fall 1995).

Simonson, Rick and Scott Walker, eds. Multi-Cultural Literacy. Saint Paul, MN: Graywolf P, 1988.

Singh, Amritjit and Peter Schmidt, eds. Postcolonial Theory and the United States: Race, Ethnicity, and Literature. Jackson: UP of Mississippi, 2000.

reviews:

Handley, George. Mississippi Quarterly 55.1 (2001/02): 158-60. [ABELL]

Smithson, Isaiah and Nancy Ruoff, eds. English Studies/Cultural Studies. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1994.

Sollors, Werner. “For a Multilingual Turn in American Studies.” American Studies Association Newsletter 20.2 (1997): 13-15.

Sollors, Werner and Marc Shell, eds. The Multilingual Anthology of American Literature: A Reader of Original Texts with English Translations. New York: New York UP, 2000.

Spanos, William V. “American Studies in the ‘Age of the World Picture’: Thinking the Question of Language.” The Futures of American Studies. Eds. Donald E. Pease and Robyn Weigman. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002. 387-415.

Spillers, Hortense J. “Who Cuts the Borders? Some Readings on ‘America.’” Comparative American Identities: Race, Sex, and Nationality in the Modern Text. Ed. Hortense J. Spillers. New York: Routledge, 1991.

Tyrell, Ian. “American Exceptionalism in an Age of International History.” American Historical Review 96 (1991): 1031-72.

Wald, Alan. “The Culture of ‘Internal Colonialism’: A Marxist Perspective.” MELUS 8.3 (1981): 18-27. [JSTOR]

Wald, Priscilla. “Minefields and Meeting Grounds: Transnational Analysis and American Studies.” American Literary History 10 (1998): 199-218.

Walker, Robert. “The Internationalization of American Studies.” American Studies International 26.1 (1988): 67-71.

Washington, Mary Helen. “Disturbing the Peace: What Happens to American Studies If You Put African American Studies at the Center?” American Quarterly 50.1 (1998): 1-23.

Williams, Jeffrey, ed. PC Wars: Politics and Theory in the Academy. New York: Routledge, 1995.

Wise, Gene. “’Paradigm Dramas’ in American Studies: A Cultural and Institutional History of the Movement.” American Quarterly 31 (1979): 293-337.

Rethinking Writing, Composition, & Communication Studies (incl. “multicultural education” in general)

Adams, J.Q., J.F. Niss, and C. Suarez. Multicultural Education: A Rationale for Development and Implementation. Macomb: Western Illinois University Foundation, 1991.

Asante, M.K. and W.B. Gudykunst, eds. Handbook of International and Intercultural Communication. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1989.

Barton, David. Literacy: An Introduction to the Ecology of Written Language. Oxford: Blackwell, 1994. Esp. chapter 5, on multilingualism in literacy research.

Belcher, Diane. “How Professors Initiate Nonnative Speakers into their Disciplinary Discourse Communities.” Texas Papers in Foreign Language Education 1 (1989): 207-25.

Border, L.B. and N.V.M. Chism, eds. The Future Is Now: A Call for Action and List of Resources. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, No.49 (Teaching for Diversity). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1992.

Chang, S.J. “Linguistics and Written Discourse in Particular Languages: Contrastive Studies: English and Korean.” Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (1982): 85-98.

Connor, Ulla. Contrastive Rhetoric: Cross-cultural Aspects of Second-language Writing. New York: Cambridge UP, 1996.

Fox, Helen. Listening to the World: Cultural Issues in Academic Writing. Urbana, IL: NCTE, 1994.

[Addresses writing issues faced by non-western students in the U.S. academy, but much of what Fox discusses—e.g., the expectations for academic writing in the U.S.—is useful for thinking about writing and interpersonal communication issues for all students; she also devotes one chapter specifically to U.S. “involuntary minority” students.Short (150 pp.) and intelligent grappling with complex issues, especially with regard to the way in which recognizing and addressing cultural differences can bleed into ethnocentric cultural stereotyping and deprecation of “others.”Good list of “Resources for Research, Teaching, and Cross-Cultural Understanding.”]

Fox, T. “Basic Writing as Cultural Conflict.” Journal of Education 172.1 (1990): 65-83.

Hairston, Maxine. “Diversity, Ideology, and Teaching Writing.” College Composition and Communication 43 (1992): 179-93.

Harvard Educational Review 58.3 (Aug. 1988): special issue: “Race, Racism and American Education: Perspectives of Asian Americans, Blacks, Latinos, and Native Americans.”

Hecht, M.L., M.J. Collier, and S.A. Ribeau. African American Communication: Ethnic Identity and Cultural Interpretation. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1993.

Hinds, J. “Linguistics and Written Discourse in English and Japanese: A Contrastive Study (1978-1982).” Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (1982): 78-84.

Hinds, J. “Reader versus Writer Responsibility: A New Typology.” Writing Across Languages: Analysis of L2 Text. Eds. Ulla Connor and Robert B. Kaplan. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1987.

Horner, W., ed. Composition and Literature: Bridging the Gap. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1983.

International Journal of Intercultural Relations (1976?- )

Jenkins, M. “Teaching a New Majority: Guidelines for Cross-cultural Communication between Students and Faculty.” Feminist Teacher 5.1 (1990): 8-14.

Johns, Ann M. “Language and Culture in the Classroom.” Multicultural Diversity and College Teaching. Ed. Helen Roberts. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1994. 60-76.

Johns, Ann M. “ESL Students and WAC Programs: Varied Populations and Diverse Needs.” WAC for the New Millenium: Strategies for Continuing Writing-Across-the-Curriculum Programs. Eds. S. McLead, E. Miraglia, M. Soven, and Chris Thaiss. Urbana, IL: NCTE, 2001. 141-64.

Kaplan, Robert B. “Cultural Thought Patterns in Inter-Cultural Education.” Language Learning 16 (1966): 1-20. (the founding text for contrastive rhetoric studies)

Kaplan, Robert B. “Cultural Thought Patterns Revisited.” Writing Across Languages: Analysis of L2 Text. Eds. Ulla Connor and Robert B. Kaplan. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1987.

Kochman, T. Black and White Styles in Conflict. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1981.

Lan, Haixia. “Contrastive Rhetoric: A Must in Cross-Cultural Inquiries.” Alt-Dis: Alternative Discourses in the Academy. Eds. Schraeder, Fox, and Bizzell. Portsmouth, NH: Boynton/Cook, 2002. 68-79.

Leki, Ilona. Understanding ESL Writers: A Guide for Teachers. Portsmouth, NH: Boynton/Cook, 1992.

Li, Xiao-ming. “Good Writing” in Cross-Cultural Context. Albany: SUNY P, 1996.

Liebman, J. “Toward a New Contrastive Rhetoric: Differences between Arabic and Japanese Rhetorical Instruction.” Journal of Second Language Writing 1 (1992): 141-65.

Markus, H.R. and S. Kitayama. “Culture and the Self: Implications for Cognition, Emotion, and Motivation.” Psychological Review 58.3 (1991): 224-53.

Matalene, Carolyn. “Contrastive Rhetoric: An American Writing Teacher in China.” College English 47 (1985): 789-808. [JSTOR]

Matsuda, Paul Kei. “Contrastive Rhetoric in Context: A Dynamic Model of L2 Writing.” Journal of Second Language Writing 6.1 (1997): 45-60.

Matsuda, Paul Kei. “Alternative Discourses: A Synthesis.” Alt-Dis: Alternative Discourses in the Academy. Eds. Schraeder, Fox, and Bizzell. Portsmouth, NH: Boynton/Cook, 2002. 191-96.

Muchiri, Mary N., Nshindi G. Mulamba, Greg Myers, and Deoscorous B. Ndoli. “Importing Composition: Teaching and Researching Academic Writing Beyond North America.” College Composition and Communication 46.2 (May 1995): 175-98.

Mulhauser, Peter and Rom Harré. Pronouns and People: the Linguistic Construction of Social and Personal Identity. Oxford: Blackwell, 1990.

Murray, D.E., ed. Diversity as a Resource: Redefining Cultural Literacy. Alexandria, VA: TESOL, 1992.

Nieto, S. Affirming Diversity: The Sociopolitical Context of Multicultural Education. White Plains, NY: Longman, 1992.

Purves, Alan C., ed. Writing across Languages and Cultures: Issues in Contrastive Rhetoric. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1988.

Purves, Alan C. and W.C. Purves. “Viewpoints: Cultures, Text Models, and the Activity of Writing.” Research in the Teaching of English 20.2 (1986): 174-97.

Roberts, Helen, ed. Teaching from a Multicultural Perspective. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994.

Samovar, L.A. and R.E. Porter, eds. Intercultural Communication: A Reader. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 1988.

Santos, Terry. “Professors’ Reactions to the Academic Writing of Non-native-speaking Students.” TESOL Quarterly 22 (1988): 69-90.

Schoem, D., L. Frankel, X. Zuniga, and E.A. Lewis, eds. Multicultural Teaching in the University. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1993.

Scollon, R. and S.B.K. Scollon. Narrative, Literacy, and Face in Interethnic Communication. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1981.

Shen, F. “The Classroom and the Wider Culture: Identity as a Key to Learning English Composition.” College Composition and Communication 40.4 (1989): 459-66.

Sleeter, C.E. and C.A. Grant. “An Analysis of Multicultural Education in the United States.” Harvard Educational Review 57 (1987): 421-44.

Smitherman, G. Talkin and Testifyin: The Language of Black America. Detroit: Wayne State UP, 1986.

Ting-Toomey, S. and F. Korzenny, eds. Cross-cultural Interpersonal Communication. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1991.

Triandis, H. “The Self and Social Behavior in Differing Cultural Contexts.” Psychological Review 96 (1989): 506-20.

Rethinking American Social and Cultural History (incl. more particular case studies):
(a grab-bag: this is obviously just a sampling of a very rich terrain...)
Abalos, David T. La Comunidad Latina in the United States: Personal and Political Strategies for Transforming Culture. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1998.

Abel, Elizabeth, Barbara Christian, and Helene Moglen, eds. Female Subjects in Black and White: Race, Psychoanalysis, Feminism. Berkeley: U of California P, 1997.

Acuña, Rodolfo. Occupied America: A History of Chicanos. Boston: Addison-Wesley, 1999.

American Studies 41.2-3 (Summer/Fall 2000): special issue: “Globalization, Transnationalism, and The End of the American Century”

Anzaldúa, Gloria E. “La Conciencia de la Mestiza: Towards a New Consciousness.” Making Face, Making Soul/Haciendo Caras: Creative and Critical Perspectives by Feminists of Color. Ed. Anzaldúa. San Francisco: Aunt Lute, 1990. 377-89.

Appiah, Kwame Anthony. Identity against Culture: Understandings of Multiculturalism. Berkeley: Dorothy B. Townsend Center fro the Humanities, U of California, 1994.

Appiah, Kwame Anthony. “Against National Culture.” Text and Nation: Cross-Disciplinary Essays on Cultural and National Identities. Eds. Laura García-Moreno and Peter C. Pfeiffer. Columbia, SC: Camden House, 1996.

Appiah, Kwame Anthony and Amy Gutman. Color Consciousness: The Political Morality of Race. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1996.

Appiah, Kwame Anthony and Henry Louis Gates, Jr., eds. Identities. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1995.

Axtell, James. “The White Indians of Colonial America.” William and Mary Quarterly 3rd ser., 32 (1975): 55-88.

Balenger, V.J., M.A. Hoffman, and W.E. Sedlacek. “Racial Attitudes among Incoming White Students: A Study of 10-Year Trends.” Journal of College Student Development 33 (1992): 245-52.

Bauman, Gerd. The Multicultural Riddle: Rethinking National, Ethnic, and Religious Identities. New York: Routledge, 1999.

Bay, Mia. The White Image in the Black Mind: African-American Ideas about White People 1825-1930. New York: Oxford UP, 2000.

Bender, Penee and Yvonne Lassalle. “Islands in History: Perspectives on U.S. Imperialism and the Legacies of 1898.” Radical History Review 73 (Winter 1999): 1-3.

Berkhofer, Robert. ...

Bérubé, Michael. Public Access: Literary Theory and American Cultural Politics. London: Verso, 1994.

Blackett, R.J.M. Building an Antislavery Wall: Black Abolitionists in the Atlantic Antislavery Movement 1830-1860. Baton Rouge: U of Louisiana P, 1989.

Blanchard, F. “Combatting Intentional Bigotry and Inadvertently Racist Acts.” Chronicle of Higher Education (13 May 1992): 1.

Bonilla, Frank, Edwin Melendez, Rebecca Morales, and Maria de los Angeles Torres, eds. Borderless Borders: U.S. Latinos, Latin Americans, and the Paradox of Interdependence. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1998.

Bourne, Randolph. “Transnational America.” [1916]. War and the Intellectuals: Collected Essays 1915-1919. 1964.

Branham, Robert James. “’Of Thee I Sing’: Contesting ‘America.’” American Quarterly 48 (1996): 623-52.

Carson, Diane and Lester D. Friedman, eds. Shared Differences: Multicultural Media and Practical Pedagogy. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1995.

Carter, Dan T. From George Wallace to Newt Gingrich: Race in the Conservative Counterrevolution, 1963-1994. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State UP, 1996.

Chan, Sucheng. Asian Americans: An Interpretive History. Boston: Twayne, 1991.

Clayton, Andrew R.L. and Fredrika J. Teute, eds. Contact Points: American Frontiers from the Mohawk Valley to the Mississippi, 1750-1830. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1998.

Daniels, Roger. Coming to America: A History of Immigration and Ethnicity in American Life. New York: HarperCollins, 1990.

Delgado, Richard and Jean Stefancic, eds. The Latino/a Condition: A Critical Reader. New York: New York UP, 1998.

Deloria, Philip J. Playing Indian. New Haven: Yale UP, 1998.

Di Leonardo, Micaela. Exotics at Home: Anthropologies, Others, American Modernity. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1998.

Doyle, Laura. Bordering the Body: The Racial Matrix of Modern Fiction and Culture. New York: Oxford UP, 1994.

Drinnon, Richard. Facing West: The Metaphysics of Indian-Hating and Empire-Building. 1980.

Dyson, Michael Eric. “Contesting Racial Amnesia: From Identity Politics Toward Post-Multiculturalism.” Higher Education Under Fire. Eds. Michael Berube and Cary Nelson. New York: Routledge, 1994. 336-52.

Eng, David L. Racial Castration: Managing Masculinity in Asian America. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2001.

Feng, Peter X. Identities in Motion: Asian American Film and Video. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2003.

Ferguson, Russell, et al., eds. Out There: Marginalization and Contemporary Cultures. Cambridge, MA: MIT P, 1990.

Firmat, Gustavo Pérez. Life on the Hyphen: The Cuban-American Way. Austin: U of Texas P, 1994.

Foley, Neil. The White Scourge: Mexicans, Blacks, and Poor Whites in Texas Cotton Culture. Berkeley: U of California P, 1997.

Forbes, Jack D. Black Africans and Native Americans: Color, Race, and Caste in the Evolution of Red-Black Peoples. London, 1988.

Fregoso, Rosa Linda. “Recycling Colonialist Fantasies on the Texas Borderlands.” Home, Exile, Homeland: Film, Media, and the Politics of Place. Ed. Hamid Nacify. New York: Routledge, 1999. 169-92.

Friedman, Lester D., ed. Unspeakable Images: Ethnicity and the American Cinema. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1991.

Fujita-Rony, Dorothy B. American Workers, Colonial Power: Philippine Seattle and the Transpacific West, 1919-1941. Berkeley: U of California P, 2003.

Fusco, Coco. English is Broken Here: Notes on Cultural Fusion in the Americas. New York: The New P, 1995.

Gans, Herbert J. “Symbolic Ethnicity: The Future of Ethnic Groups and Cultures in America.” On the Making of Americans: Essays in Honor of David Riesman. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1979.

Garcia, Maria Christina. Havana USA: Cuban Exiles and Cuban Americans in South Florida, 1959-1994. Berkeley: U of California P, 1996.

Garcia, Mario T. Mexican Americans: Leadership, Ideology, and Identity, 1930-1960. New Haven: Yale UP, 1989.

García-Moreno, Laura and Peter C. Pfeiffer, eds. Text and Nation: Cross-Disciplinary Essays on Cultural and National Identities. Columbia, SC: Camden House, 1996.

Gerstle, Gary. “Liberty, Coercion, and the Making of Americans.” Journal of American History 84 (1997): 550-70.

Gibson, M.A. and J. Ogbu, eds. Minority Status and Schooling: A Comparative Study of Immigrant and Involuntary Minorities. New York: Garland, 1991.

Goldberg, David Theo, ed. Multiculturalism: A Critical Reader. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1994.

Gonzales, Manuel. Mexicanos: A History of Mexicans in the United States. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1999.

Gonzales, Manuel G. and Cynthia M. Gonzales, eds. En Aquel Entonces: Readings in Mexican-American History. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 2000.

Goodman, Paul. Of One Blood: Abolitionism and the Origins of American Racial Equality. Berkeley: U of California P, 1998.

Gordon, Avery F. and Christopher Newfield, eds. Mapping Multiculturalism. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1996.

Gray, Herman. Watching Race: Television and the Struggle for Blackness. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1995.

Gutmann, Amy, ed. Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1994.

Henderson, Mae G., ed. Borders, Boundaries, and Frames: Essays in Cultural Criticism and Cultural Studies. New York: Routledge, 1995.

Higham, John. Send These to Me: Immigrants in Urban America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1984.

Hine, Darlene Clark and Jacqueline McLeod, eds. Crossing Boundaries: Comparative History of Black People in Diaspora. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1999.

Hollinger, David. Postethnic America: Beyond Multiculturalism. New York: Basic Books, 1995.

Horsman, Reginald. Race and Manifest Destiny: The Origins of American Racial Anglo-Saxonism. Cambridge, MA, 1981.

Hu-DeHart, Evelyn, ed. Across the Pacific: Asian Americans and Globalization. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1999.

reviews:

Chang, Edward T. Pacific Historical Review 70.3 (2001): 518-20.

Leong, Karen J. Journal of American Ethnic History 21.3 (2002): 67-70.

Hunter, James Davison. Culture Wars: The Struggle to Define America. New York: Basic Books, 1991.

Hunter, James Davison. Before the Shooting Starts: Search for Democracy in America’s Culture Wars. New York: Free P, 1994.

Ignatiev, Noel and John Garvey, eds. Race Traitor. New York: Routledge, 1996.

Jacobson, Matthew Frye. Barbarian Virtues: The United States Encounters Foreign Peoples at Home and Abroad, 1876-1917. New York: Hill and Wang, 2000.

Joseph, Gilbert M., Catherine C. Legrand, and Ricardo Salvatore, eds. Close Encounters of Empire: Writing the Cultural History of U.S.-Latin American Relations. Durham: Duke UP, 1998.

Kaplan, Amy. “Manifest Domesticity.” American Literature 70 (1998): 581-606 [JSTOR]; rpt. in The Futures of American Studies. Eds. Donald E. Pease and Robyn Weigman. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002. 111-34.

Katerberg, William H. “The Irony of Identity: An Essay on Nativism, Liberal Democracy, and Parochial Identities in Canada and the United States.” American Quarterly 47 (1995): 493-524.

Keil, Charles and Steven Feld. Music Grooves. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1994.

Kelley, Robin D.G. Yo Mama’s Disfunktional!: Fighting the Culture Wars in Urban America. Boston: Beacon P, 1997.

Kim, Elaine H. Asian American Literature: An Introduction to the Writings and Their Social Context. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1982.

Klein, Christina. Cold War Orientalism: Asia in the Middlebrow Imagination, 1945-1961. Berkeley: U of California P, 2003.

Knight, Arthur. Disintegrating the Musical: Black Performance and American Musical Film. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2003.

Kolodny, Annette. The Land Before Her: Fantasy and Experience of the American Frontiers, 1630-1860. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 1984.

Kondo, Dorinne. About Face: Performing Race in Fashion and Theatre. New York: Routledge, 1997.

Kroes, Rob. Them and Us: Questions of Citizenship in a Globalizing World. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 2000.

reviews:

Schneider, Dorothee. Journal of American History 89.2 (2002): 730.

Lee, Erika. At America’s Gates: Chinese Immigration during the Exclusion Era, 1882-1943. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 2003.

Lee, Robert G. Orientals: Asian Americans in Popular Culture. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1999.

Lipsitz, George. Dangerous Crossroads: Popular Music, Postmodernism, and the Poetics of Place. London: Verso, 1994.

Lipsitz, George. The Possessive Investment in Whiteness: How White People Profit from Identity Politics. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1998.

Locke, Alain. When Peoples Meet: A Study in Race and Culture Contacts. 1942.

Lott, Eric. “Love and Theft: The Racial Unconscious of Blackface Minstrelsy.” Representations 39 (1992).

Lott, Eric. Love and Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American Working Class. New York: Oxford UP, 1993.

Lowe, Lisa. “Immigration, Citizenship, Racialization: Asian American Critique.” Immigrant Acts: On Asian American Cultural Politics. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1996. 1-36.

In the preface, Lowe describes her book as a “materialist critique of the institution of citizenship” that “name[s] the genealogy of the legal exclusion, disenfranchisement, and restricted enfranchisement of Asian immigrants as a genealogy of the American institution of citizenship” (ix).The first chapter, which is the introduction to the book’s project, traces the history of Asian immigration to the U.S., and anti-Asian immigration exclusion acts, in light of the various contradictions in economic and political imperatives at play in a given historical moment.She also works through a theory of culture as a site of material struggle, where some of these unresolved contradictions mentioned above emerge, and she brings the introduction up to the present with a discussion of labor and globalization.This chapter offers an accessible though sophisticated (Marxist-inflected) model for how to think about cultural texts in relation to historical/national/political debates, and it is a quick introduction to the history of Asians in the U.S.

Maddox, Lucy. Removals: Nineteenth-Century American Literature and the Politics of Indian Affairs. New York: Oxford UP, 1991.

Marchetti, Gina. Romance and the “Yellow Peril”. Berkeley: U of California P, 1993.

Martí, José. “Our America.” Our America: Writings on Latin America and the Struggle for Cuban Independence. Ed. Philip S. Foner. Trans. Elinor Randall. New York: Monthly Review P, 1977.Also in The José Martí Reader: Writings on the Americas. Ed. Deborah Schnookal and Mirta Muñiz. New York: Ocean, 1999.

McCarthy, Cameron and Warren Crichlow, eds. Race, Identity, and Representation in Education. New York: Routledge, 1993.

McDonnell, Janet A. The Dispossession of the American Indian, 1887-1934. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1991.

Menchaca, Martha. Recovering History, Constructing Race: The Indian, Black, and White Roots of Mexican Americans. Austin: U of Texas P, 2001.

Mendoza, Louis Gerard. Historia: The Literary Making of Chicana and Chicano History. College Station: Texas A&M UP, 2001.

Merelman, Richard M. Partial Visions: Culture and Politics in Britain, Canada, and the United States. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1991.

Miller, Stuart. The Unwelcome Immigrant: The American Image of the Chinese, 1785-1882. Berkeley, 1969.

Murphy, Joseph M. Santería: An African Religion in America. Boston: Beacon P, 1988.

Murphy, Joseph M. Working the Spirit: Ceremonies of the American Diaspora. Boston: Beacon P, 1994.

Naficy, Hamid. The Making of Exile Cultures: Iranian Television in Los Angeles. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1993.

Namias, June. White Captives: Gender and Ethnicity on the American Frontier. Chapel Hill, 1993.

Nash, Gary B. Red, White, and Black: The Peoples of Early America. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1974; 4th edn. 2000?

Newman, Louise. White Women’s Rights: The Racial Origins of Feminism in the United States. New York: Oxford UP, 1999.

O’Brien, David J. and Stephen S. Fugita. The Japanese American Experience. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1991.

Okihiro, Gary Y. Margins and Mainstreams: Asians in American History and Culture. Seattle: U of Washington P, 1994.

Olson, James S. The Ethnic Dimension in American History. 2nd edn. New York: St. Martin’s P, 1994.

Omi, Michael and Howard Winant. Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s. New York: Routledge, 1994.

Ordover, Nancy. American Eugenics: Race, Queer Anatomy, and the Science of Nationalism. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2003.

Orsi, Robert. “The Religious Boundaries of an Inbetween People: Street Feste and the Problem of the Dark-Skinned Other in Italian Harlem, 1920-1990.” American Quarterly 44 (1992): 313-47.

Owens, Louis. Other Destinies: Understanding the American Indian Novel. Norman: U of Oklahoma P, 1992.

Palumbo-Liu, David. Asian/American: Historical Crossings of a Racial Frontier. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1999.

Patton, Sandra. Birthmarks: Transracial Adoption in Contemporary America. New York: New York UP, 2000.

Pedraza, Silvia and Ruben G. Rumbaut, eds. Origins and Destinies: Immigration, Race, and Ethnicity in America. Belmont: Wadsworth, 1996.

Penn, William S., ed. As We Are Now: Mixblood Essays on Race and Identity. Berkeley: U of California P, 1997.

Pérez, Emma. The Decolonial Imaginary: Writing Chicanas into History. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1999.

Perez Firmat, Gustavo. Life-on-the-Hyphen: The Cuban-American Way. Austin: U of Texas P, 1994.

Perkins, Kathy A. and Judith L. Stephens, eds. Strange Fruit: Plays on Lynching by American Women. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1998.

Perlmutter, P. Divided We Fall: A History of Ethnic, Religious, and Racial Prejudice in America. Ames: Iowa State UP, 1992.

Poblete, Juan, ed. Critical Latin American and Latino Studies. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2003.

Portes, Alejandro and R.L. Bach. Latin Journey: Cuban and Mexican Immigrants in the United States. Berkeley: U of California P, 1985.

Pulido, Laura. “Multiracial Organizing among Environmental Justice Activists in Los Angeles.” Rethinking Los Angeles. Eds. Michael J. Dear, H. Eric Shockman, and Greg Hise. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1996. 171-89.

Rogin, Michael. Fathers and Children: Andrew Jackson and the Subjugation of the American Indian. 1975.

Rouse, Roger. “Mexican Migration and the Social Space of Postmodernism.” Diaspora 1 (Spring 1991): 8-23.

Ruoff, A. LaVonne. Literatures of the American Indian. New York: Chelsea, 1991.

Rydell, Robert W. All the World’s a Fair: Visions of Empire at American International Expositions, 1876-1916. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1984.

Saito, Leland. Race and Politics: Asian Americans, Latinos, and Whites in a Los Angeles Suburb. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1998.

Sánchez, George J. Becoming Mexican American: Ethnicity, Culture, and Identity in Chicano Los Angeles, 1900-1945. New York: Oxford UP, 1991.

Sánchez, George J. “Face the Nation: Race, Immigration, and the Rise of Nativism in Late Twentieth-Century America.” International Migration Review 31 (1997): 1009-30.

Sandoval-Sanchez, Alberto. Stages of Life: Transcultural Performance and Identity Formation in Latina Theatre. Tucson: U of Arizona P, 2000.

Scarborough, Jack. The Origins of Cultural Differences and Their Impact on Management. Westport, CT: Quorum Books, 1998.

Schultz, April R. Ethnicity on Parade: Inventing the Norwegian American through Celebration. Amherst: U of Massachusetts P, 1994.

Shimakawa, Karen. National Abjection: The Asian American Body Onstage. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2003.

Shirley, Carl and Paula Shirley. Understanding Chicano Literature. Columbia: U of South Carolina P, 1988.

Simpson, Caroline Chung. An Absent Presence: Japanese Americans in Postwar American Culture, 1945-1960. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2002.

Singh, Nikhil Pal. “Culture/Wars: Recoding Empire in an Age of Democracy.” American Quarterly 50.3 (1998): 471-522.

Slotkin, Richard. Regeneration through Violence: The Mythology of the American Frontier, 1600-1860. 1973.

Slotkin, Richard. The Fatal Environment: The Myth of the Frontier in the Age of Industrialization, 1800-1890. 1985.

Slotkin, Richard. Gunfighter Nation: The Myth of the Frontier in Twentieth-Century America. 1992.

Smith, Anna Deavere. Twilight: Los Angeles, 1992: On the Road: A Search for American Character. New York: Anchor Books, 1994.

Smith, Michael Peter and Joe R. Feagin, eds. The Bubbling Cauldron: Race, Ethnicity, and the Urban Crisis. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1995.

Soebel, Mechal. The World They Made Together: Black and White Values in Eighteenth-Century Virginia. Princeton, 1987.

Sollors, Werner. Beyond Ethnicity: Consent and Descent in American Culture. 1986.

Spanos, William V. America’s Shadow: An Anatomy of Empire. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2000.

Studler, Gaylyn. Visions of the East: Orientalism in Film. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers UP, 1997.

Sweet, Leonard I. Black Images of America 1784-1870. New York: Norton, 1976.

Takaki, Ronald T. A Different Mirror: A History of Multicultural America. Boston: Little, Brown, 1993.

Takaki, Ronald T. Double Victory: A Multicultural History of America in World War II. Boston: Little, Brown, 2000.

Takaki, Ronald T., ed. From Different Shores: Perspectives on Race and Ethnicity in America. New York: Oxford UP, 1994.

Takaki, Ronald T., ed. From Exiles to Immigrants: The Refugees from Southeast Asia. New York: Chelsea House, 1995.

Taylor, Charles, et al. Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition. Expanded edn. 1994.

Usner, Daniel H., Jr. Indians, Settlers, and Slaves in a Frontier Exchange Economy: The Lower Mississippi Valley Before 1783. Chapel Hill, 1992.

Velez-Ibanez, Carlos G. Border Visions: Mexican Cultures of the Southwest United States. Tucson: U of Arizona P, 1996.

Warner, Stephen R. and Judith G. Wittner, eds. Gatherings in Diaspora: Religious Communities and the New Immigration. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1998.

Wexler, Laura. Tender Violence: Domestic Visions in an Age of U.S. Imperialism. Chapel Hill: U of North Carolina P, 2000.

Wiegman, Robyn. American Anatomies: Theorizing Race and Gender. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1995.

Winant, Howard. Racial Conditions: Politics, Theory, Comparisons. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1994.

Wong, K. Scott. “The Transformation of Culture: Three Chinese Views of America.” American Quarterly 48 (1996): 201-32.

Wu, William. The Yellow Peril: Chinese Americans in American Fiction 1850-1940. Hamden, CT: Archon, 1982.

Yamamoto, Traise. Masking Selves, Making Subjects: Japanese American Women, Identity, and the Body. Berkeley: U of California P, 1999.

Yetman, Norman R. “The American Mosaic: Multicultural America in an Age of Globalization.” (forthcoming book)

Yoo, David. “Captivating Memories: Museology, Concentration Camps, and Japanese American History.” American Quarterly 48 (1996): 680-99.

Yoshihara, Mari. Embracing the East: White Women and American Orientalism. New York: Oxford UP, 2003.

Zack, Naomi. Race and Mixed Race. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1993.

Zia, Helen. Asian American Dreams: The Emergence of an American People. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2000.




 
 

Rethinking English/Cultural Studies in Global Contexts:
Allan, Tuzyline Jita, ed. “Teaching African Literature in a Global Literary Economy” Women’s Studies Quarterly 25.3-4 (1997) (special issue).

Appadurai, Arjun. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1996.

Appiah, Kwame Anthony. In My Father’s House: Africa in the Philosophy of Culture. New York: Oxford UP, 1992.

Balme, C. Theater im postkolonialen Zeitalter. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1995.

Bamgbose, Ayo. “World Englishes and Globalization.” World Englishes 20.3 (2001): 357-63.

Baucom, Ian. “Globalit, Inc.; or, The Cultural Logic of Global Literary Studies.” PMLA 116 (2001): 158-72. [JSTOR]

Beck, Ervin. “International Literature for American Students.” College English 35 (1974), 670-73. [JSTOR]

(describes a general education course on 20th-century writing from the peripheries, domestic and international, that was offered in the early 1970s as an alternative to the Eurocentric “world literature” courses then in existence)

Berg, J. and H. Rischbieter. Welttheater. Westermann: Braunschweig, 1985.

Bernstein, Charles, ed. Comparative Literature in the Age of Multiculturalism. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1995.

Bérubé, Michael. “Introduction: Worldly English.” Modern Fiction Studies 48.1 (2002): 1-17.

Bharucha, Rustom. Theatre and the World: Performance and the Politics of Culture. New York: Routledge, 1993.

Bharucha, Rustom. The Politics of Cultural Practice: Thinking through Theater in an Age of Globalization. Middletown, CT: Wesleyan UP, 2000.

Brydon, Diana. "Commonwealth or Common Poverty? The New Literatures in English and the New Discourse of Marginality." Kunapipi 11.1 (1989).

Buell, Frederick. National Culture and the New Global System. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1994. [book]

reviews:

Bose, Purnima. Victorian Studies 39.4 (1996): 585-88. [ABELL]

Bush, Harold K. College Literature 23.2 (1996): 181-88. [ABELL]

Buell, Frederick. “Nationalist Postnationalism: Globalist Discourse in Contemporary American Culture.” American Quarterly 50 (1998): 548-91.

Chow, Rey. “A Phantom Discipline.” PMLA 116 (2001): 1386-95.

Chow, Rey. The Protestant Ethnic & the Spirit of Capitalism. New York: Columbia UP, 2002.

Clifford, James. Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1997.

Cooppan, Vilashini. “W(h)ither Post-colonial Studies? Towards the Transnational Study of Race and Nation.” Essays and Studies 52 (1999): 1-35.

Cooppan, Vilashini. “World Literature and Global Theory: Comparative Literature for the New Millenium.” Symploke 9.1-2 (2001): 15-44. [Expanded Academic ASAP]

(describes the thinking behind a new required 2-semester course on “world literature” for a track focusing on world literature and film in the undergraduate literature program at Yale; emphasizes “globalized reading” as an approach to canonical Western works as well as the use of genre as the basis for cross-cultural pairings of works to extend the syllabus to works from traditions outside the Western world)

Curl, James Stevens. Egyptomania: The Egyptian Revival: A Recurring Theme in the History of Taste. Manchester: Manchester UP, 1994.

Dasenbrock, Reed Way. "Intelligibility and Meaningfulness in Multicultural Literature in English." PMLA 102 (1987): 10-19.

Dasenbrock, Reed Way. “The Multicultural West.” Dissent (1991). [excerpt rpt. in Writing About Diversity. Ed. Irene L. Clark. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1994. 183-89]

Dasenbrock, Reed Way. “English Department Geography: Interpreting the MLA Bibliography.” Pedagogy Is Politics: Literary Theory and Critical Teaching. Eds. Maria-Regina Kecht. Urbana: U of Illinois P, 1992. 193-214. [photocopy]

Dharwadker, Vinay. "The Internationalization of Literatures." New National and Post-Colonial Literatures. An Introduction. Ed. Bruce King. Oxford: Clarendon P, 1996. 59-77. [photocopy]

Dingwaney, Anuradha and Carol Maier, eds. Between Languages and Cultures: Translation and Cross-Cultural Texts. Pittsburgh: U of Pittsburgh P, 1993.

Fischer-Lichte, E., J. Riley, and M. Gissenwherer, eds. The Dramatic Touch of Difference: Theaer, Own and Foreign. Tubingen: Gunter Narr, 1990.

Friedman, Susan Stanford. Mappings: Feminism and the Cultural Geographies of Encounter. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1998.

Gilbert, Helen and Joanne Tompkins. Post-Colonial Drama: Theory, Practice, Politics. New York: Routledge, 1996.

Goldberg, David Theo and Ato Quayson, eds. Relocating Postcolonialism. Oxford: Blackwell, 2002.

Gunn, Giles. “Introduction: Globalizing Literary Studies.” PMLA 116 (2001): 16-31. [JSTOR]

(How have globalizing tendencies in the discipline, insofar as they are present, contributed to the remapping of literary studies not just in the modern era but in all periods of literary studies?What new topics, issues, and problems has the globalization of literary studies, wherever it has occurred, brought into critical discussion and, just as assuredly, kept out of it?How have tendencies to globalize literary studies been assisted, challenged, or thwarted by specific critical methodologies?What influence have such globalizing tendencies had on revising inherited notions not only of the literary and the aesthetic but also of the cultural and the historical?What impact have they had on the reconceptualization of literature’s relation with other expressive media, such as film, photography, television, and the Internet, and with pursuits like journalism and scholarship?In what specific ways has this new sensitivity to the interconnections among discursive fields and expressive practices, in and across cultures and in and across periods, changed the object of knowledge in literary studies?What problems are involved in associating the reconfiguration of literary study with processes of global restructuring that are by turns demographic, economic, political, environmental, cultural, and social?And what alterations have these developments forced on practices of teaching, research, writing, curricular organization, and departmental administration?” [18-19])

Hannerz, Ulf. Transnational Connections: Culture, People, Places. London: Routledge, 1996.

Hitchcock, Peter. “Decolonizing (the) English.” South Atlantic Quarterly 100.3 (2001): 749-72.

Holledge, Julie and Joanne Tompkins. Women’s International Performance. New York: Routledge, 2000.

Jameson, Fredric. “Third World Literature in the Era of Multinational Capitalism.” Social Text 15 (1986): 65-88. [JSTOR]

Jameson, Frederic and Masao Miyoshi, eds. The Cultures of Globalization. Durham: Duke UP, 1998.

Jay, Paul. “Beyond Discipline? Globalization and the Future of English.” PMLA 116 (2001): 32-47. [JSTOR]

Kaplan, Cora. Questions of Travel: Postmodern Discourses of Displacement. Durham: Duke UP, 1996.

Kellman, Steven G., ed. Switching Languages: Translingual Writers Reflect on Their Craft. Lincoln: U of Nebraska P, 2003.

Leung, Yiu-Nam. “Globalization and Localization: A Selected Bibliography.” Canadian Review of Comparative Literature 24.4 (1997): 1081-87.

Li, David Leiwei. “Introduction: Globalization and the Humanities.” Comparative Literature 53 (2001): special issue on globalization.

Liu, Alan. “Globalizing the Humanities: ‘Voice of the Shuttle: Web Page for Humanities Research.’” Humanities Collections 1.1 (1998): 41-56.

Lowe, Lisa and David Lloyd, eds. The Politics of Culture in the Shadow of Capital. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1997.

MacCabe, Colin. "English Literature in a Global Context" in English in the World: Teaching and Learning the Language and Literature, ed. R. Quirk & H.G. Widdowson (Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1985)

Marranca, Bonnie and Gautum Dasgupta, eds. Interculturalism & Performancce: Writings from PAJ [Performing Arts Journal]. New York: PAJ Publications, 1991.

Mayer, Peter. “National Culture and International Media.” About Books: Five Talks from the Jerusalem International Book Fair. Ed. Zev Birger. Woodstock, NY: Overlook P, 2001. 71-87.

Miller, Christopher. “Literary Studies and African Literature: The Challenge of Intercultural Literacy.” Africa and the Disciplines. Eds. Robert H. Bates and V.Y. Mudimbe. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 1993. 213-31.

Miller, J. Hillis. “Literary and Cultural Studies in the Transnational University.” “Culture” and the Problem of the Disciplines. Ed. John Carlos Rowe. New York: Columbia UP, 1998. 45-69.

Moore, Gerald. The Chosen Tongue: English Writing in the Tropical World (Harlow: Longman, 1969)

Moretti, Franco. “Conjectures on World Literature.” New Left Review n.s. 1 (2000): 54-68. [available online: http://www.newleftreview.net/NLR23503.shtml]

(argues the need for a methodology other than close reading if we are to address literature as a planetary system; illustrates his approach with an overview of the spread of the modern novel around the globe as a genre of literary practice in the 19th and 20th centuries)

Moses, Michael Valdez. The Novel and the Globalization of Culture. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995.

reviews:

Begam, Richard. CLIO 27.1 (1997): 109-27. [Expanded Academic ASAP]

Gérard, Albert S. Modern Philology 94 (1997): 418-22. [JSTOR; Expanded Academic ASAP]

Gorra, Michael. Contemporary Literature 37.3 (1996): 501-08.

Nichols, Bill. “Film Theory and the Revolt Against Master Narratives.” Reinventing Film Studies. Eds. Christine Gledhill and Linda Williams. London: Arnold, 2000. 34-52.

Nichols defines theory as a “historically situated process of conceptualization and generalization” (34), and breaks down theorization about film into three moments, which it shares with modern literary and cultural study (35).In his history, film theory begins with a belief in the correspondence of a work of art to the historical world through “classic historicist assumptions” (35).In the 1960s and 1970s this gives way to a formalist turn, which coincided with the emergence of film studies as a field of academic study.The third, contemporary, moment is a post-structural moment that situates film within larger social processes and is attentive to local and material concepts such as gender, ethnicity, and class rather than abstract generalities such as the Zeitgeist. Nichols then proposes using the concepts of visual culture, representation, and rhetoric as a way of thinking about contemporary directions in film theory, including the place of questions of multiculturalism and identity politics.This essay is relatively abstract, but the attempt to locate changing theories of film in relation to changing social, historical, and political concerns is useful for thinking about how (and why) different kinds of issues have animated theoretical discussions in different historical moments.

Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey, ed. The Oxford History of World Cinema. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1996.

reviews:

Anderson, Eric. National Forum 77.4 (1997): 48. [Expanded Academic ASAP]

Pavis, Patrice. Theatre at the Crossroads of Culture. New York: Routledge, 1992.

Pavis, Patrice. Dictionary of the Theatre: Terms, Concepts, and Analysis. Trans. Christine Shantz. Preface Marvin Carlson. Toronto: U of Toronto P, 1998. [orig. pub. in French, rev. edn., in 1996.]

Pavis, Patrice, ed. The Intercultural Performance Reader. New York: Routledge, 1996.

Pratt, Mary Louise. “Arts of the Contact Zone.” Profession (1991): 33-40.

Pratt, Mary Louise. “Comparative Literature and Global Citizenship.” Comparative Literature in the Age of Multiculturalism. Ed. Charles Bernheimer. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1995. 58-65.

(compelling reflections on the globalization of comparative literature as a discipline, as it struggles to move beyond the European orbit that has been its traditional focus)

Routh, H.V. The Diffusion of English Culture outside England. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1941.

Said, Edward. Culture and Imperialism. New York: Vintage, 1994.

Said, Edward. “Globalizing Literary Study.” PMLA 116 (2001): 64-68.

Schwarz, Henry and Richard Dienst, eds. Reading the Shape of the World: Toward an International Cultural Studies. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1996.

Seboek, Thomas. Global Semiotics. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 2001.

Shohat, Ella and Robert Stam. Unthinking Eurocentrism: Multiculturalism and the Media. London: Routledge, 1994. Esp. Introduction, 1-13.

This introduction is focused upon the definition of terms such as “Eurocentrism” in a general summary of the methodology used in the book.While the debate within which they situate their work is historically of the mid-nineties, their approach of making connections—in temporal terms, spatial/geographical terms, disciplinary terms, intertextual terms, and conceptual terms (5)—may be useful for thinking about a broader context for “English studies,” or whatever it is that we’re calling what we do now.

Sicherman, Carol. “Revolutionizing the Literature Curriculum at the University of East Africa: Literature and the Soul of the Nation.” Research in African Literatures 29.3 (1998): 129-48. [ABELL]

Sommer, D. “Resistant Texts and Incompetent Readers.” Latin American Literary Review 20 (1990): 104-08.

South Atlantic Quarterly 100.3 (2001): special issue: Anglophone Literatures and Global Culture

Wilson, Rob and Wimal Dissanayake, eds. Global/Local: Cultural Production and the Transnational Imaginary. Durham: Duke UP, 1996.

Yoshimoto, Mitsuhiro. “The Difficulty of Being Radical: The Discipline of Film Studies and the Postcolonial World.” boundary 2 18.3 (1991): 242-57.Revised and reprinted as “Japanese Cinema in Search of a Discipline.” In Yoshimoto, Kurosawa: Film Studies and Japanese Cinema, 8-49.Durham: Duke University Press, 2000.

Yoshimoto offers a critical history of American scholarship on Japanese cinema, which he divides into three phases, roughly corresponding to the 1960s, the 1970s, and the 1980s. He considers how each of these phases constructs Japanese cinema as an object of knowledge, and he focuses on the institutional and disciplinary questions raised by these constructions in the field of film studies.This work provides an interesting case study, but the very specific focus on film studies, and the numerous citations of works in the field may make it more oriented to specialists than a more broadly conceived project might be.


 

Rethinking the English Language in Global Contexts
Bloor, Tom and Meriel Bloor. “English in Post-colonial Africa.” Language and Power. Eds. Romy Clark, et al. London: BAAL and CILT, 1991.

English Today

McArthur, Tom. “Organized Babel.” The English Language. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1998. 1-29.

Mulamba, Nshindi G. “English Teaching in Zaire: Objectives and Users’ Needs.” Teaching and Researching Language in African Classrooms. Ed. Casmir M. Rubagumya. Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters, 1994.

Phillipson, Roger. Linguistic Imperialism. New York: Oxford UP, 1992.

Rosen, Barbara. “Is English Really a Family of Languages?” International Herald Tribune (15 October 1994).

Schmied, Josef. English in Africa: An Introduction. Harlow: Longman, 1991.


 

Rethinking the Global Scene:
Bammer, Angelika, ed. Displacements: Cultural Identities in Question. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1994.

Bauman, Zygmunt. Globalization: The Human Consequences. New York: Columbia UP, 1998.

Ben-Rafael, Eliezer, ed. Identity, Culture, and Globalization. Annals of the International Institute of Sociology, n.s., vol.8. 2000?

Berger, Peter L. and Samuel P. Huntington, eds. Many Globalizations: Cultural Diversity in the Contemporary World. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2002.

Bird, Jon, et al., eds. Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change. New York: Routledge, 1993.

Chakrabarty, Dipesh. Provincializing Europe. Princeton: Princeton UP, date?

Chatterjee, Partha. The Nation and Its Fragments: Colonial and Postcolonial Histories. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1993.

Cheah, Pheng and Bruce Robbins, eds. Cosmopolitics: Thinking and Feeling beyond the Nation. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1998.

Cohen, Robin. Global Diasporas: An Introduction. Seattle: U of Washington P, 1997.

Dilworth, David A. Philosophy in World Perspective: A Comparative Hermeneutic of the Major Theories. New Haven: Yale UP, 1989.

Escobar, Arturo. Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World. Princeton: Princeton UP, 1995.

Featherstone, Mike. “Global and Local Cultures.” Mapping the Futures: Local Cultures, Global Change. Ed. John Bird et al. London: Routledge, 1993. 169-87.

Garbo, G. A World of Difference: The International Distribution of Information: The Media and Developing Countries. Paris: UNESCO Series Communication and Society, no.15, 1985.

George, Susan and Fabrizio Sabelli. Faith and Credit: The World Bank’s Secular Empire. Boulder, CO: Westview, 1994.

Gerbner, George, Hamid Mowlana and Kaarle Nordenstreng, eds. The Global Media Debate: Its Rise, Fall, and Renewal. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1993.

Goodwin, Andrew and Joe Gore. “World Beat and the Cultural Imperialism Debate.” Socialist Review 90 (1990): 64-80.

Gupta, Akhil. “The Song of the Nonaligned World: Transnational Identities and the Reinscription of Space in Late Capitalism.” Culture, Power, Place: Explorations in Critical Anthropology. Eds. Akhil Gupta and James Ferguson. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1997. 179-202.

Held, David, Anthony McGrew, David Goldblatt, and Jonathan Perraton. Global Transformations: Politics, Economics, and Culture. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1999.

Hodgson, Marshall. Rethinking World History: Essays on Europe, Islam, and World History. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1993.

Karttunen, Frances. Between Worlds: Interpreters, Guides, and Survivors. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers UP, 1994.

Kennedy, George A. Comparative Rhetoric: An Historicala and Cross-Cultural Introduction. New York: Oxford UP, 1998.

King, Anthony, ed. Culture, Globalization, and the World-System: Contemporary Conditions for the Representation of Identity. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1997.

Lyotard, Jean-François. “Universal History and Cultural Difference.” The Lyotard Reader. Ed. Andrew Benjamin. Trans. David Macey. Oxford: Blackwell, 1989. 314-23.

Mattelart, Armard. Mapping World Communication: War, Progress, Culture. Trans. Susan Emanuel and James A. Cohen. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1994.

McNeely, Connie and Yasemin Nuhoglu Soysal. “International Flows of Television Programming.” Public Culture 2.1 (1989).

Meyer, Bright and Veter Geschiere, eds. Globalization and Identity: Dialectics of Flow and Closure. Oxford: Blackwell, 1999.

reviews:

Oonk, Gijsbert. Journal of World History 13.2 (2002): 532ff. [Expanded Academic ASAP]

Miyoshi, Masao. “A Borderless World? From Colonialism to Transnationalism and the Decline of the Nation-State.” Global/Local: Cultural Production and the Transnational Imaginary. Eds. Rob Wilson and Wimal Dissanayake. Durham: Duke UP, 1996.

Moore, Jason W. “Globalization in Historical Perspective.” Science & Society 65.3 (2001): 386-97.

Mowlana, Hamid. Global Information and World Communication: New Frontiers in International Relations. White Plains, NY: Longman, 1986.

Nacify, Hamid, ed. Home, Exile, Homeland: Film, Media, and the Politics of Place. New York: Routledge, 1999.

Ong, Aihwa. Flexible Citizenship: The Cultural Logics of Transnationality. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 1999.

Ong, Paul, Edna Bonacich, and Lucie Cheng, eds. The New Asian Immigration in Los Angeles and Global Restructuring. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1994.

Righter, R. Whose News? Politics, the Press, and the Third World. London: Andre Deutsch, 1978.

Robertson, Roland. Globalization: Social Theory and Global Culture. London: Sage, 1992.

Rorty, Richard. “Cosmopolitanism without Emancipation: A Response to Jean-François Lyotard.” Objectivity, Relativism, and Truth. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1991. 211-22.

Sassen, Saskia. Globalization and Its Discontents: Essays on the New Mobility of People and Money. New York: The New P, 1998.

Science & Society 65.4 (2001-2): special issue on globalization (incl. Giovanni Arrighi; Michael Mann; Jason W. Moore; Kees van der Pijl; William I. Robinson; Robert Went)

Shafir, Gershon, ed. The Citizenship Debates: A Reader. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1998.

Shapiro, Michael J. and Hayward R. Alker, eds. Challenging Boundaries: Global Flows, Territorial Identities. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 1996.

Stummer, Peter O. and Christopher Balme, eds. Fusion of Cultures? Amsterdam: Rodopi, 1996.

Taylor, Timothy D. Global Pop: World Music, World Markets. London: Routledge, 1997.

Theory, Culture, and Society (1992?): special issue: Global Culture: Nationalism, Globalization, and Modernity.

Tomlinson, John. Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Introduction. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1991.

Tomlinson, John. Globalization and Culture. Cambridge: Polity P, 1999.

reviews:

Hetherington, Kevin. Sociology 35.1 (2001): 251. [Expanded Academic ASAP]

Mestrovic, Stjepan G. Contemporary Sociology 30.6 (2001): 598-99.

Oonk, Gijsbert. Journal of World History 13.2 (2002): 532ff. [Expanded Academic ASAP]

Trumphour, John. Selling Hollywood to the World: U.S. and European Struggles for Mastery of the Global Film Industry, 1920-1950. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2002.

Wallerstein, Immanuel. Geopolitics and Geoculture: Essays on the Changing World-System. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1991.

Waters, Malcolm. Globalization. London: Routledge, 1995.

Yates, Michael. Naming the System: Inequality and Work in the Global Economy. New York: Monthly Review P, 2003.