Sample Exam I

Name: __________________________ Date: _____________

The vascular cambium is initiated by cells:

A.	of the pericycle.

B.	of the endodermis.

C.	in the center of the vascular cylinder.

D.	opposite the protoxylem poles.

E.	between the primary xylem and primary phloem.

The presence of Casparian strips forces substances entering and leaving the vascular cylinder to pass through the protoplasts of ______ cells.

A.	endodermal

epidermal

pericycle

xylem

phloem

______ tissue is composed of cells having unevenly thickened primary walls.

A.	Collenchyma

Xylem

C.	Parenchyma

Phloem

E.	Sclerenchyma

Anticlinal divisions are different from periclinal divisions in that anticlinal divisions:

A.	occur in relatively large cells.

B.	occur solely in the corpus of the apical meristem.

C.	increase the number of cell layers.

D.	are perpendicular to the surface.

E.	are parallel with the surface.

The sequence of regions in a growing root, beginning immediately behind the rootcap, is:

A.	elongation, maturation, cell division.

B.	cell division, maturation, elongation.

C.	cell division, elongation, maturation.

D.	elongation, cell division, maturation.

E.	maturation, elongation, cell division.

The earliest structural evidence of leaf initiation is the development of a(n):

midrib.

sheath.

C.	leaf buttress.

D.	leaf primordium.

E.	intercalary meristem.

The three tissue systems of vascular plants are:

A.	the dermal, vascular, and ground tissue systems.

B.	protoderm, procambium, and ground meristem.

C.	parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.

D.	epidermis, periderm, and protoderm.

E.	xylem, phloem, and epidermis.

10.

Which of the following statements about vascular rays is FALSE?

A.	They are composed largely of parenchyma cells.

B.	They serve as barriers to the movement of food substances and water.

C.	They store starch, proteins, and lipids.

D.	They synthesize secondary products.

E.	They are variable in length.

12.

As the vascular cambium continues to divide, the cambial cells:

A.	are displaced inward.

B.	are displaced outward.

C.	remain in their original location.

D.	cease to divide periclinally.

E.	cease to divide anticlinally.

13.

Lenticels function primarily in:

A.	water transport.

B.	gas exchange.

C.	mineral uptake.

D.	protection.

E.	hormone production.

15.

In angiosperms, early wood ______ than late wood.

A.	has narrower cells

B.	has thicker cell walls

is denser

D.	is produced later in the growing season

E.	may have much larger vessels

16.

In most woody plants, the first periderm usually arises in the:

cortex.

B.	epidermis.

C.	primary phloem.

D.	primary xylem.

pith.

17.

Extensions of vascular tissues into the leaves from the stem are called:

A.	leaf traces.

B.	leaf trace gaps.

C.	branch traces.

D.	stem bundles.

sympodia.

20.

Which of the following events is NOT associated with leaf abscission?

A.	suberin formation

B.	formation of a protective layer

C.	leaf scar formation

D.	enzymatic breakdown of cell walls

E.	return of reusable substances to the leaf

21.

The most common type of ground tissue is:

A.	epidermis.

xylem.

C.	sclerenchyma.

D.	collenchyma.

E.	parenchyma.

24.

In a woody root one meter in diameter, which tissue would NOT be present?

cork

B.	secondary xylem

C.	secondary phloem

epidermis

E.	all the above would be present

25.

Which of the following statements about bulliform cells is FALSE?

A.	They are found in monocots.

B.	They are large epidermal cells.

C.	They are photosynthetic.

D.	They become flaccid during excessive water loss.

E.	They play a role in leaf folding and unfolding.

26.

______ has a stem with scattered vascular bundles.

A.	Ranunculus

B.	Sambucus

Zea

D.	Medicago

Tilia

27.

The vascular tissues that connect the buds with the stem are:

A.	bud traces.

B.	branch traces.

C.	leaf traces.

D.	leaf trace gaps.

E.	stem bundles.

28.

Which of the following statements about the rootcap is FALSE?

A.	It is covered by mucigel.

B.	Its cells are sloughed as it grows through the soil.

C.	Its sloughed cells are not replaced.

D.	It helps the root penetrate the soil.

E.	It protects the root apical meristem.

29.

The two principal functions of the stem are:

A.	support and photosynthesis.

B.	photosynthesis and conduction.

C.	conduction and support.

D.	photosynthesis and storage.

E.	storage and absorption.

30.

Sclereids differ from fibers in that sclereids:

are dead.

B.	are shorter.

C.	are more uniform in shape.

D.	have thick, lignified walls.

E.	occur singly.

31.

Unlike eudicot roots, the roots of some monocots:

A.	have a triarch xylem.

B.	have a pith.

C.	lack an endodermis.

D.	lack a pericycle.

E.	lack Casparian strips.

32.

Unlike C₃ grasses, C₄ grasses have leaves:

A.	with mesophyll and bundle-sheath cells in two concentric layers.

B.	with an interveinal distance of more than four cells.

C.	without Kranz anatomy.

D.	with a mestome sheath.

E.	with small bundle-sheath cells containing small chloroplasts.

33.

Which of the following statements about P-protein is FALSE?

A.	It is found in the protoplasts of sieve-tube elements of magnoliids, eudicots, and some monocots.

B.	In undisturbed cells, it lines the sieve-plate pores.

C.	It may serve to seal the sieve-plate pores when the cell is wounded.

D.	It originates in P-protein bodies.

E.	The "P" stands for protection.

34.

Plants that are characterized as hydrophytes:

A.	are adapted to areas that are neither too wet nor too dry.

B.	are adapted to dry habitats.

C.	usually have stomata sunken in depressions.

D.	usually have more stomata than other types of plants.

E.	usually have large intercellular spaces.

35.

Which of the following statements about the Ranunculus (an herbaceous eudicot) stem is FALSE?

A.	Its vascular bundles resemble those of monocots.

B.	The procambium is lost at maturity.

C.	Its vascular bundles are completely surrounded by sclerenchyma cells.

D.	It has a vascular cambium.

E.	It exhibits no secondary growth,.

36.

______ are types of tracheary elements.

A.	Vessel elements and tracheids

B.	Tracheids and xylem parenchyma

C.	Vessel elements and xylem parenchyma

D.	Xylem fibers and tracheids

E.	Xylem fibers and xylem parenchyma

37.

In vascular plants, food is conducted through:

A.	companion cells only.

B.	sieve cells only.

C.	sieve-tube elements only.

D.	sieve cells and sieve-tube elements only.

E.	companion cells, sieve cells, and sieve-tube elements.

38.

The edible portion of an Irish potato is a:

rhizome.

tuber.

corm.

D.	modified root.

E.	cladophyll.

39.

The periderm consists of:

A.	cork only.

B.	cork cambium only.

C.	phelloderm only.

D.	cork and cork cambium only.

E.	cork, cork cambium, and phelloderm.

40.

Functional phloem:

A.	is composed of primary tissue.

B.	is part of the inner bark.

C.	functions primarily to store foods.

D.	consists of living or dead sieve elements.

E.	makes up the majority of secondary phloem in older plants.

42.

Which of the following statements about primary growth is FALSE?

A.	It results in extension of the plant body.

B.	It involves the formation of primary tissues.

C.	It results in the thickening of the stem and root.

D.	It gives rise to the primary plant body.

E.	It results from activity of the root and shoot apical meristems.

43.

Perforation plates are characteristic of the ______ of ______.

A.	tracheids; angiosperms

B.	vessel elements; angiosperms

C.	tracheids; gymnosperms

D.	vessel elements; gymnosperms

E.	tracheids; seedless vascular plants

Answer Key

1.	E
2.	A
3.	A

5.	D
6.	C
7.	C
8.	A

10.	B

12.	B
13.	B

15.	E
16.	A
17.	A


20.	E
21.	E


24.	D
25.	C
26.	C
27.	B
28.	C
29.	C
30.	B
31.	B
32.	A
33.	E
34.	E
35.	D
36.	A
37.	D
38.	B
39.	E
40.	B

42.	C
43.	B