PHYS 331/580: Fundamentals of Renewable Energy

 

 

Prerequisites: PHYS 262 or 266 or PI.  Please see me after the first class if you have not taken 266 or 262.  Graduate students enrolled in PHYS 580 can use it to satisfy either the MAIS concentration in energy & sustainability or one of the three electives for a MS in applied physics, but not the PhD in physics. 

 

Instructor: Prof. Robert Ehrlich, 301 C ST1

Office Hours: Mon, Wed 1:30 – 2:30 or by appointment

 

Course objectives: This course introduces students to the physical principles of renewable energy sources.  Students will be exposed to a broad survey of various types of renewable energy.   The objective is to give students enough information to allow them to understand the imperative for moving to renewable sources, to assess the relative merits of various renewable sources, to do calculations involving them, and to understand the factors in optimizing their design, application and locations.  Most importantly, the course will stress how to draw conclusions from various statistics & data concerning renewable energy resources.  Students signed up for the graduate version of the course will be expected to master the material at a deeper quantitative level.

 

Course description: The course consists of an overview of the entire field of renewable energy, presented with attention to the mathematical and physical principles needed to assess the feasibility and desirability of each source.  It will also go into the most detail with respect to solar, hydropower, geothermal, bio-energy, and wind energy.  There is also a section on nuclear power.  The course assumes an understanding of basic physics, and it strives to address energy problems on a mathematical level at the level of first year calculus plus first order differential equations. 

 

Components of your Grade

 

You will have a choice of either doing a project to be part of your grade, or instead counting the exams proportionally more.  Be advised however, that if you do not let me know about what your project is by the end of the third week of classes (Wed, Feb 9), I will assume that you choose to not do one.  You will not be allowed to reverse this later if you are unhappy with your grade on the first exam.  Please be advised that project grades do tend to be higher on average than exam grades.

 

Option 1: Grading if project option chosen:

15% Homework problems

25% Midterm Exam

25% Final Exam

10% Class participation

20% Term project

5%   Field trip (Provisions are described for an alternative assignment if you cannot attend == see below.)

0 - 5%  Bonus (described below)

 

Option 2: Grading if no project option chosen:

15% Homework problems

35% Midterm Exam

35% Final Exam

10% Class participation (based on actual contributions made)

5%   Field trip (Provisions are described for an alternative assignment if you cannot attend – see below.)

0 - 5%  Bonus (described below)

 

Exams are open book & open notes, and you are expected to observe the Honor Code.  Last year’s midterm can be found here with answers.  Note that PHYS 331 & 580 students will take common exams, except that the 580 students will have a few more challenging problem on both the mid-term & final.  If you are a student with a disability and you need academic accommodations, please see me and contact the Office of Disability Resources at 703/993-2474. All academic accommodations must be arranged through that office.

 

Academic integrity. GMU is an Honor Code university; please see the University Catalog for a full description of the code and the honor committee process. The principle of academic integrity is taken very seriously and violations are treated gravely. What does academic integrity mean in this course? Essentially this: when you are responsible for a task, you will perform that task. When you rely on someone else’s work in an aspect of the performance of that task, you will give full credit in the proper, accepted form. Another aspect of academic integrity is the free play of ideas. Vigorous discussion and debate are encouraged in this course, with the firm expectation that all aspects of the class will be conducted with civility and respect for differing ideas, perspectives, and traditions. When in doubt (of any kind) please ask for guidance and clarification.

 

Project.  This might be a collaborative effort with a group of no more than 3 students working on various aspects of it or alternatively separate projects for individual students.  I will need to approve your project by the end of the third week at the latest, but I will want to be assured that different people or groups are working on different projects, so it pays to discuss your idea with me early.  Remember your proposed project must be submitted no later than Wed, Feb 9.  At that time it is also essential that you let me have an itemized accurate estimate of the cost of parts for your project so that you can get reimbursed (within reason).  Some possible projects are described here.  Please be sure to meet with me during the 6th and 10th weeks of the course, so I can monitor your progress.  The project must be completed before Mon April 18, when it will be on display to the Mason community.  It is expected that in addition to turning in the project it will be presented to the class during the last week of the semester.  Note that there will be a significant grade penalty if you do not attend the two “progress” meetings or do not turn in your project by the due date.

 

Textbook: I am currently writing a text book suitable for this course together with a coauthor (Keith Williams), and draft chapters will be made available as they are written.  Regrettably, however many chapters are not yet written.  In addition to the draft chapters, detailed power point notes will also be posted on line.  The sample chapters, and the homework problems are a reasonable guide to the material which will be on the exams.  Additionally, a good comprehensive text you might want to consult is Renewable Energy Resources, 2nd ed, by Twidell & Weir, although parts of this text are too advanced.

 

Bonus Points: Earn up to five bonus points towards your final grade by e-mailing me errors you find in the draft chapters – one point for each error.  However, you must be the first one to alert me to the error, and only errors in fact (not grammar or spelling) are eligible.

 

Course schedule.  The exact schedule is subject to revision.  If classes are cancelled on the date of an exam, the exam will be held at the next regularly scheduled period.   Apart from the dates of the exams, the rest of the schedule is only approximate.  The homework for each chapter is due the Monday after we finish that chapter.  Students must activate their GMU email accounts to receive important University information, including messages related to this class.

 

Week 1. Introduction

 

Week 2. Heat Transfer

 

Week 3. Solar Radiation

 

Week 4. Solar Water Heating & Other Solar Thermal Applications

 

Week 5. Semiconductor Devices I

 

 Week 6. Semiconductor Devices II

(plus meetings with all students on their projects this week during office hours)

 

Week 7. Spring recess: Mon Mar 14 – Fri Mar 19

 

Week 8. Mid-term exam Wed 3/23 : Last years exam, Mon: guest lecture and discussion

Midterm exam results& answers

 

Week 9. Hydropower

 

   April 2 (Saturday) Field trip

 

Week 10.Wind Power

 

Week 11.Biomass & biofuels,  (plus meetings with all students on their projects this week during office hours)

             problem for biomass chapter  

 

 

Week 12.Geothermal energy

 

Week 13.Energy Systems, Storage and Transmission

(April 18 is the absolute deadline for submitting projects.)

 

Display of projects in “Showcase” Monday, April 18 from 230 to 5PM in lieu of class

 

Week 14. Nuclear science and technology

 

Week 15. Energy Conservation and Efficiency

 

 

Final exam Mon, May 16, 1:30 – 4:15 Last years exam

 

Field trip details. 

 

  1. Zero energy Office buildings owned by the Stella Group in Arlington -- 706 North Ivy Street – arrive 9:00
  2. Mason-Dixon Farm in Gettysburg, PA – arrive 1:30

 

Contact at farm (717) 334-3389 (ext 204), proprietor Richard Waybright.  The one-way travel time to the farm is around 90 minutes, and we will return to Mason before 5:00.  The trip will go rain or shine, and we will meet in front of the Finley building at 8:15 AM, and travel by van.  (Don’t be late, since we leave promptly at 8:30.)  My cell phone number is 703-963-9499.  If there are some persons who cannot attend the field trip, an alternative assignment will be arranged – see below.  Following the field trip you need to write a  review of the visit & what you learned.   

 

Alternative assignment.  For any student who is unable to attend a field trip, provisions will be made for an alternative assignment, involving design & construction of a renewable energy demonstration to be presented to the class.  You may not use “kits” for this purpose.  Please see me today to inform me if you know you cannot attend a field trip as scheduled.

 

Careers and Internships in the renewable energy field

Why an internship?  An internship, which is often pursued in your junior year – usually over the summer – can be a great entrée into well-paying career and it may even may help you land a job later with a particular company.  Green jobs” relating to renewable energy encompass many areas, including entrepreneurs, researchers, autoworkers making hybrid cars, building consultants, home energy auditors, solar panel installers, environmental studies and engineering professors, think tank policy experts, wind turbine engineers, lawyers for biofuel companies to name just a few.  Internships give you a much better understanding of what a field is like, and they give employers experience with your abilities before they make a long-term investment in you. 

What is available?  There are numerous internships available across the nation relating to renewable energy at universities, federally funded labs, non-profit organizations, private companies, and energy research centers. Some opportunities tend to be in scientific and engineering fields, but others are in policy areas. The ones at universities and research labs usually include a travel and housing allowance as well as a weekly stipend.  Among those opportunities at companies and non-profit organizations, some are paid, and some are unpaid. Which ones might be most appropriate for you would depend on your major. Obviously, opportunities of a technical nature would be most appropriate for science or engineering majors, while others would be more appropriate for students who have majored in business, IT, or in public policy. 

How to find them?  A list of over 100 internships throughout the nation can be found at this web site:  http://rev-up.org  -- just select internships from the left menu.  Note that this database can easily be sorted and searched to find those in a particular geographic region.  Not every one of these organizations is seeking someone immediately, but they all do work in the areas of renewable energy & energy conservation, and they have expressed a desire to take on interns at some point.  

How do I make the arrangements?  Making specific arrangements for an internship is entirely up to you after you have identified whether a particular organization might be interested in you.  Finally, be sure to find out how to obtain course credit for an internship, and be sure to make the necessary arrangements ahead of time, since this cannot be done retroactively.