1. Cronin, David E.  Black Moses: The Story of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association.  Boston, MA: University of Wisconsin, 1962.

0135560683

2. Garvey, Amy Jacques.  Philosophy and Opinion of Marcus Garvey.  Totowa, NJ: Frank Cass Co. Ltd., 1967.

071462120X

3. Lewis, Rupert.  Marcus Garvey Anti-Colonial Champion.  Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, Inc., 1988.

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4. Martin, Tony.  Race First: The Ideological and Organizational Struggles of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association.  Westport, CT: Majority Press, 1976.

0912469236

5. Walters, Ron.  Pan Africanism and the African Diaspora:  An Analysis of Modern  Afrocentric Political Movements.  Detroit, Michigan: Wayne State University Press, 1993.

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