1. Ajayi, J. F. Ade and Michael Crowder.  History of West Africa.  London, UK: Longmans, 1971.

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2. Ben-Jochanan, Yosef.  Africa: Mother of Western Civilization.  New York, NY: Black Classic Press, 1988.

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3. Ben-Jochanan, Yosef.  Black Man of the Nile.  New York, NY: Alkebu-lan Books, 1981.

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4. Bernal, Martin.  Black Athena.  New Burnswick, NJ: Rutgers University, 1987.

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5. Boahen, Adu.  Topics in West African History.  London, UK: Longmans, 1966.

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