| Introduction Overview Aristotle's Rhetor Journalist as Rhetor Conclusion Bibliography |
In classical Greece and currently, the
responsibility
of the rhetor was and is debatable. Through Aristotle’s Treatise
on Rhetoric—in conjunction with his Treatise on Ethics—one
learns an ancient philosophy then can compare the old viewpoint with
the
current one, specifically in relation to news media. For example,
Aristotle
believed that the orator was responsible for persuading the audience of
a
logical conclusion, leaving personal evaluation out of the argument,
with
the exception that only a moral issue should be presented at all. This
responsibility
is a journalistic ideal as well; however, sentiment—whether personal or
popular—may
enter a report. Furthermore, although Aristotle stated that a rhetor
could not be accused
of harm if such was not the intent, today’s news media audience may be
held accountable for an outcome because of the coverage of a media
event.
However, Aristotle's lack of responsibility on the part of the orator
is granted on the premise that a universal concept of good is grasped,
while news media today are asked to remain impartial when commenting on
an event,
disregarding moral conclusions. Finally, in Aristotle’s view, an orator
is
not held accountable if ignorant of all the facts, yet presenting the
complete story, specifically reporting all sides of a situation,
is a lauded principle of competent journalism. It is possible to apply
these
standards for persuasion, objectivity, ethics, intent, and acceptable
ignorance to the methods used by news media in responding to many
recent events,
including the Iraq War, New York Times reporter Jason
Blair’s fabrication and plagiarism, and the attacks on |