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altazimuth. a mounting for astronomical telescopes that permits both horizontal and vertical rotation aperture. the diameter of the objective of a telescope binoculars. an optical device, such as a pair of field glasses or opera glasses, designed for simultaneous use by both eyes and consisting of two small telescopes joined with a single focusing device; often used in the plural catadioptric. a telescope with components pertaining to, produced by, or involving, both the reflection and refraction of light; as, a catadioptric light chromatic aberration. color distortion in an image produced by a lens, caused by the inability of the lens to bring the various colors of light to focus at a single point collimation. the adjustment of the line of the sights, as the axial line of the telescope of an instrument, into its proper position relative to the other parts of the instrument coma. the blurring of objects at the edge of the field of view equatorial. an instrument consisting of a telescope so mounted as to have two axes of motion at right angles to each other, one of them parallel to the axis of the earth, and each carrying a graduated circle, the one for measuring declination, and the other right ascension, or the hour angle, so that the telescope may be directed, even in the daytime, to any star or other object whose right ascension and declination are known; the motion in right ascension is sometimes communicated by clockwork, so as to keep the object constantly in the field of the telescope. eyepiece. the lens, or combination of lenses, at the eye end of a telescope or other optical instrument, through which the image formed by the mirror or object glass is viewed focal length. the distance from the surface of a lens or mirror to its focal point focal ratio. the ratio between focal length and aperture Galileo Galilei. Italian astronomer and physicist; the first to use a telescope to study the stars (1610); he was an outspoken advocate of Copernicus's theory that the sun forms the center of the universe, which led to his persecution and imprisonment by the Inquisition (1633). light pollution. illumination of the night sky by electric lights, as in an urban area, that interferes with astronomical observation mount. an object to which another is affixed or on which another is placed for accessibility, display or use north star. (Polaris) the brightest star in Ursa Minor; at the end of the handle of the little dipper; the northern axis of the earth points toward it objective. the lens or lens system in a microscope or other optical instrument that first receives light rays from the object and forms the image optical tube assembly. the telescope body with the lenses and focuser; see OTA OTA. the telescope body with the lenses and focuser; see optical tube assembly prism. a polyhedron with two congruent and parallel faces (the bases) and whose lateral faces are parallelograms; a triangular shape and made of glass or quartz; used to deviate a beam or invert an image reflector. a telescope in which light from the object is gathered and focused by a concave mirror, with the resulting image magnified by the eyepiece refractor. anything that refracts; specifically a refracting telescope, in which the image to be viewed is formed by the refraction of light in passing through a convex lens spherical aberration. the blurring of an image that occurs when light from the margin of a lens or mirror with a spherical surface comes to a shorter focus than light from the central portion telescope. an arrangement of lenses or mirrors or both that gathers visible light, permitting direct observation or photographic recording of distant objects
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