Take-home Quiz (Population Genetics, Chap. 5 and 6) – open book,
work alone
Due no later than 1:30 pm Monday February 21, 2005
1. (2) The Hardy-Weinberg equation is used to determine allele
frequencies
and genotype frequencies in a population in the absence of evolutionary
forces. What evolutionary forces might cause these frequencies to
deviate from equilibrium?
2. (2) A human trait (say the ability to taste PTC), is controlled by a dominant allele A, and has a frequency of 0.6 in a population, and there is only one alternative allele (a for the inability to taste PTC). If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what are the frequencies of each of the following genotypes?
a) homozygous dominant (AA) tastersb) heterozygous (Aa) tasters
c) homozygous recessive (aa) nontasters
3. (2) In a sample of redbacked voles, the following three blood
protein genotypes were observed:
MM 123
MJ 530
JJ 129
Calculate the genotype frequencies.4. (2) It has been suggested that recessive genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis persist in human populations not because of mutation-selection balance, but by a form of heterozygote superiority or overdominance. Explain how you could tell the difference between maintenance by mutation-selection balance and maintenance by overdominance, and mention what the evidence is in the case of cystic fibrosis in humans.
Calculate allele frequencies for M and J.
Are the observed genotype frequencies in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Briefly explain your answer (i.e., how do you know they are in equilibrium, and if they are not in equilibrium, why not?).
5 (2) Answer problem 2 on page 248 in the text. It makes reference to a paper published in Nature Genetics, a pdf file of which you can access here. The title of the paper should shed light on the answer to the question.