The Problem with the Letter E

Published 26 Sep 08

There is a lot of hype about global warming these days, and everyone is pointing fingers: car emissions, industrial waste, factory smog - you name it. But the real culprit is easily overlooked, and is used unknowingly by all of us - each and every day. It is the letter "e".

"E" is the most commonly used letter in the English language - statistically, 12.7% all characters are the letter "e" 1. For the most commonly used letter, "e" is also one of the widest; physically that is.

In Times New Roman, a commonly used font, in both upper and lower cases the letter "e" is two-and-a-half times wider than the letter "j".

However, the letter "j" only constitutes 0.2% of all letters. Do the math* - If we switch the letters "j" and "e", we could reduce the length of all material printed by 5%.

While this may not sound like a lot, the United States alone used 26,935,000 tons of printing and writing paper as of 20002, and uses more and more each year.

That 5% equates to 1,346,000 tons of paper.

Twenty-four trees go into each ton of paper3, for a total of thirty-two million trees each year.

Not to mention the forty thousand tons of air pollution produced turning those trees to paper.

Shorter documents also mean faster print times, lower ink consumption, smaller energy requirements.

Although their may be slight confusion at first, switching the letter "e" with "j" is the simplest way to reduce dependency on foreign oil, slow deforestation, and ultimately combat global warming.

Bj surj to sprjad thj word!









[1] http://www.simonsingh.net/The_Black_Chamber/frequencyanalysis.html

[2] http://www.environmentalpaper.org/PAPER-statistics.html

[3] http://www.conservatree.com/learn/EnviroIssues/TreeStats.shtml

* Math: 128 of each character were measured using the Times New Roman font, size 128, in points. Frequencies were based on [1]. A qualitative score based on number of occurrences times the relative width was assigned to each character. Percentage savings over an entire document was calculated by summing the relative scores for each system, and using the formula ((English Language Size) - (J Substitution Size)) / (English Language Size) in Microsoft Excel version 2008.

letter

width

freq

total

letter

width

freq

total

a

7296

8.2

59827.2

a

7296

8.2

59827.2

b

8192

1.5

12288

b

8192

1.5

12288

c

7296

2.8

20428.8

c

7296

2.8

20428.8

d

8192

4.3

35225.6

d

8192

4.3

35225.6

e

7296

12.7

92659.2

e

7296

0.2

1459.2

f

5504

2.2

12108.8

f

5504

2.2

12108.8

g

8192

2

16384

g

8192

2

16384

h

8192

6.1

49971.2

h

8192

6.1

49971.2

i

4608

7

32256

i

4608

7

32256

j

4608

0.2

921.6

j

4608

12.7

58521.6

k

8192

0.8

6553.6

k

8192

0.8

6553.6

l

4608

4

18432

l

4608

4

18432

m

12800

2.4

30720

m

12800

2.4

30720

n

8192

6.7

54886.4

n

8192

6.7

54886.4

o

8192

7.5

61440

o

8192

7.5

61440

p

8192

1.9

15564.8

p

8192

1.9

15564.8

q

8192

0.1

819.2

q

8192

0.1

819.2

r

5504

6

33024

r

5504

6

33024

s

6400

6.3

40320

s

6400

6.3

40320

t

4608

9.1

41932.8

t

4608

9.1

41932.8

u

8192

2.8

22937.6

u

8192

2.8

22937.6

v

8192

1

8192

v

8192

1

8192

w

11776

2.4

28262.4

w

11776

2.4

28262.4

x

8192

0.2

1638.4

x

8192

0.2

1638.4

y

8192

2

16384

y

8192

2

16384

z

7296

0.1

729.6

z

7296

0.1

729.6

713907.2

680307.2

33600

4.71%