MBA 653–Section 002: Organizational Behavior

Spring 2004: Chile Cohort

 

Class meets:
Thursday 7:20 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. in SOM 1

Instructor:

David A. Kravitz, Ph.D.

Offices:

Fairfax: Enterprise Hall 218

Arlington: ARL 326

Office hours:

Fairfax: Thursday 5:30 to 7:00 p.m. & by arrangement

Arlington: Tuesday 4:30 to 6:00 p.m. & by arrangement

Contact:

dkravitz@gmu.edu

Fairfax office: 703-993-1781 (voice); 703-993-1870 (fax)

Arlington office:  703-993-8185 (do not leave messages – I cannot retrieve them)

Home: 703-426-8551

WebCT:

http://webct38.gmu.edu

 

Course objective

To deepen your understanding of human behavior in organizations and to improve your management practice as a result of that understanding.

 

Specific goals

·        Students should become familiar with the major concepts of organizational behavior.

·        Students should understand that organizations are dynamic systems that interact with their environment.

·        Students should understand how the structures of these systems affect human behavior.

·        Students should become familiar with the kinds of issues managers encounter and with principles, practices and models that help managers deal with these issues.

·        Students should examine the relationships among people within organizational systems and see how they influence organizational effectiveness

·        Students should deepen their understanding of their own behavior in organizations and improve their interpersonal and managerial skills

 

Class format

 

Facilitating effective human behavior in organizations requires a variety of skills. For example, before one can analyze behavior–let alone knowingly change it–one must observe it. Likewise, a management or behavioral concept is of little service until one is able to link it to experience and vary behavior accordingly. Finally, understanding and skills improve with practice and feedback. Accordingly, the course design incorporates all these dimensions of learning through the use of cases, exercises, group work, self-reflection, readings, discussion, lectures, written work, and opportunities for feedback. Much work in the course will be done in small learning teams.


Evaluation

 

What you learn and how much you learn depends a great deal on how actively you approach this course. I encourage you to push yourself to make the most of the opportunities offered.

 

A weekly observation (WO) paper is due at the beginning of most classes–exceptions are noted in the class schedule.

·        These short papers must relate to the week’s topic/concepts. They may not simply summarize the readings because I assume you have read and understood the assigned papers. Instead, the WO should go beyond a simply summary. It could critique or extend the arguments given in the readings, could illustrate the points with examples drawn from your own experience, could draw connections to other concepts covered inside or outside the class, could bring in other articles you have read, or could relate to the week’s topic or assigned readings in other ways. I am relatively open regarding the manner in which the WO connects to the topic, as long as it is not a simple summary. There is no need for the WO to address all aspects of all the readings–focus on whatever interests you. The goal of the paper is to motivate you to think about the week’s topic and thus deepen your understanding of it.

·        Each paper should be identified at the top with your name and the date of the relevant class. The paper must be no longer than a single page, with 1 inch margins and double-spaced 12-point Times Roman font. If you refer to your personal experiences and make negative statements about other individuals, it would be best if you used pseudonyms when referring to them. These papers will be graded on a 1/0 basis. The normal grade will be 1. A grade of zero will be assigned to papers that are late, simply summarize the readings, do not clearly demonstrate adequate thought about the topic, or do not follow the formatting instructions given at the beginning of this paragraph. Although I may occasionally correct grammatical errors, the quality of the writing will not affect the grade.

·        Because this is one of the two ways in which I give credit for class contributions, you must attend class to turn in the WO. You may not send it to me electronically or ask a classmate to drop it off. Because students must sometimes miss class for professional or personal reasons, only 10 papers of the 12 assigned papers are needed to receive full credit. I will not assign extra credit if you turn in more than 10 papers.

 

Mastering the observational and analytic skills represented by the personal application assignments (PAAs) is a central part of the course and of course evaluation. You will be asked to write two PAAs, each six to seven pages in length. The PAAs allow you to reconsider professional problems you have experienced in light of the concepts covered in this class. You may choose to do extra reading on those topics, but this is neither required nor expected. The class web site contains hints for writing PAAs, the criteria on which PAAs are graded, and sample PAAs. Due dates are indicated in the class schedule.

 

While the PAAs allow you to explore in depth the course materials that are particularly relevant and useful for you, the final exam tests your understanding of the central ideas of the course. Central ideas of the course will be emphasized in lecture and will often be explored in cases and exercises. The exam will consist of short essays, and will focus on your understanding of key theories and concepts and how to apply them in work settings. I am not particularly interested in your memory case details or of author names, except when the names are needed to identify a particular theory or perspective. The final exam will be held during the official exam period.


Preparation for and participation in your learning team is critical to your own learning and to your colleagues' learning. Each team member will evaluate the preparation and participation of all the other members. All the scores given to you by your colleagues will be averaged to determine your peer evaluation grade. The peer evaluation form is available on the class web site; I suggest you print it out now and think about the implications for your behavior. This is the second way in which I evaluate class contribution.

 

Finally, a personal learning note is due when you arrive to take the final exam. This is designed to give you an opportunity to reflect on and summarize for yourself the most important information and action resolutions you take from the course–to look at the big picture. The personal learning note should be single-spaced and no more than one page long (including your name); citation is not required. If you focus on writing something useful for yourself, it should meet my standards. This assignment is primarily for your sake–to help you establish the take-away messages that are most relevant to you. Approach it in that spirit.

 

Grading Standards: A solid job on the PAA sections or exam questions will be evaluated at the A/B border. To earn a strong A, performance must go beyond “meets expectations.”

 

Summary

      PAA #1                                                                             27%

      PAA #2                                                                             27%

      Weekly observation                                                            10%

      Final exam                                                                          27%

      Learning group participation (evaluated by peers)          5%

      Personal learning note                                                         4%

 

The PAAs and weekly observations are due at the beginning of class on the date specified, though there is a 30-minute grace period for traffic problems. The peer evaluations and personal learning note are due when you take the final exam. Late PAAs will incur a penalty of 10% for the first 24 hours and 20% thereafter. Missing deliverables will receive a grade of zero. I expect you to bring hard copies of the deliverables to me – please do not fax them or send them via e-mail and expect me to print them out. Naturally, I will make exceptions if necessary due to illness or other emergencies.

 

Semester grades will depend on the total points you earn. The percentage cutoffs are shown below. There will not be a curve or any other form of score adjustment. Grades will be completely determined by the points you earn. They will not be affected by any other factors (e.g., class attendance, apparent effort, work and family responsibilities, etc.).

 

Grade

% of Points

A

90 – 100

B

80 – 89.99

C

70 – 79.99

F

0 – 69.99

 


Honor Code

 

The honor code applies to all work required for this class. You are free to confer with other people when working on your PAAs, but the final decisions about the papers and the writing should be your own. You may not obtain any help from anyone on the examination. Furthermore, because I may re-use some questions, you may not show or discuss the examination with past or future MBA students. I urge you to discuss your weekly observations with others. More information about the GMU honor code is given on the GMU web site at various locations, including: http://www.gmu.edu//mlstudents/handbook/honor.html

 

Other

 

E-mail:  I will regularly send electronic messages to the entire class. I will either use the cohort listserv or the GMU mailing list associated with this class. Thus, be sure you join the listserv and arrange for mail sent to your MEMO e-mail account to be forwarded to whatever e-mail account you normally use. You are fully responsible for taking the steps listed above, for checking your e-mail regularly, and for any information communicated to the class via e-mail. You should always feel free to communicate with me via e-mail.

 

Disability: Students with disabilities who require special accommodation should contact the Student Disability Resource Center (http://www.gmu.edu/student/drc/   or   703-993-2474) and should inform me of their needs so I can take them into consideration. Please take care of this during the first two weeks of the semester.

 

Religion: Students who will miss class for religious reasons should inform me of their anticipated absences during the first two weeks of the semester.

 

Cell phones & beepers: Cell phone and beepers are distracting. Please turn off all audible signals before class.

 

WebCT: All materials needed for this class are available in the class WebCT site. To log on to the class web site, go to the address provided at the top of this syllabus. Click “Log on to myWebCT.” Your user name is your GMU user name and the password is the last four digits of your student/social security number. More information about WebCT can be obtained by clicking the “Need help” link directly below the log in link.

 

Readings

 

The readings are all available through electronic reserve. Detailed information about using electronic reserve is available on the class web site, as is a direct link to the electronic reserve site. To download the papers, go to the library e-reserves site at http://oscr.gmu.edu/. Click on “Search electronic reserves” at the top. Use the drop-down list to select this course. Our password is “manchester” without the quotation marks. You should then be able to download the readings.

 


Schedule [I recommend that you read the readings in the order listed

 

Week 1 (1/22): Course overview  [No weekly observation required]

·        Pfeffer, J., & Veiga, J. F. (1999). Putting people first for organizational success. Academy of Management Executive, 13(2), 37-48.

·        DeLong, T. J., & Vijayaraghavan, V. (2003). Let’s hear it for B players. Harvard Business Review, 81(6), 96-101. [Harvard Business Review Reprint R0306F].

·        Kolb, D. A., Osland, J. S., & Rubin. I. M. (1995). Organizational behavior: An experiential approach (6th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. [Read pages 46-54 on “Learning styles”]

Week 2 (1/29): Building and maintaining trusting working relationships

·        Currall, S. C., & Epstein, M. J. (2003). The fragility of organizational trust: Lessons from the rise and fall of Enron. Organizational Dynamics, 32(2), 193-206.

·        Hiltrop, J. M. (1996). Managing the changing psychological contract. Employee Relations, 18(1), 36-49.

·        Kolb, D. A., Osland, J. S., & Rubin, I. M. (1995). Organizational behavior: An experiential approach (6th ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. [Read pages 9-10 on “A model for managing psychological contracts”]

Week 3 (2/5): Perception and attribution

·        Johns, G. (1996). Organizational behavior: Understanding and managing life at work. New York: HarperCollins. [Read pages 88-115 on “Perception, attribution, and judgment of others” ]

·        Martinko, M. J., Henry, J. W., & Zmud, R. W. (1996). An attributional explanation of individual resistance to the introduction of information technologies in the workplace. Behaviour & Information Technology, 15(5), 313-330. [This article is recommended for students who may be responsible for introducing new IT systems in their workplaces; it is not assigned.]

Week 4 (2/12): Communication, power and influence

·        Tannen, D. (1985). The power of talk: Who gets heard and why? Harvard Business Review, 73(5), 138-148. [Harvard Business School Reprint 95510]

·        Culp, G. & Smith, A. (1992). Communication. In G. Culp & A. Smith (Eds.), Managing people (including yourself) for project success (p. 14-33). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

·        Cohen, A. R. & Bradford, D. L. (1989). Influence without authority: The use of alliances, reciprocity, and exchange to accomplish work. Organizational Dynamics, 17(3), 4-17

Week 5 (2/19): Leadership I: Basic concepts      [PAA # 1 is due]

·        Bennis, W. (1991). Learning some basic truisms about leadership. National Forum, 71(1), 12-15.

·        Kotter, J. P. (1990). What leaders really do. Harvard Business Review, 68(3), 103-111. [Harvard Business Review Reprint 90309]

·        Goleman, D. (2000). Leadership that gets results. Harvard Business Review, 78(2), 78-90. [Harvard Business Review Reprint 4487]

Week 6 (2/26): Leadership II: Creating a shared vision

·        Collins, J. C. & Porras, J. I. (1996). Building your company’s vision. Harvard Business Review, 74(5), 65-77. [Harvard Business School Reprint 96501]

·        Bass, B. M. (1990). From transactional to transformational leadership: Learning to share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, 18(3), 19-31.

·        Khurana, R. (2002). The curse of the superstar CEO. Harvard Business Review, 80(9), 60-65. [Harvard Business Review Reprint R0209D]

·        The text of the ‘I have a dream’ speech by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., on the steps of the Lincoln memorial, Aug. 28, 1964. Seattle Times; Aug. 27, 1993 [FINAL Edition]; page F1.

Week 7 (3/4): Motivation and rewards

·        DuBrin, A. J. (2001). Leadership: Research findings, practice, and skills (3rd ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin. [Read pages 267-275 on “Expectancy theory and goal theory”]

·        Duncan, W. J. (2001). Stock ownership and work motivation. Organizational Dynamics, 30(1), 1-11.

·        Kerr, S. (1999). Organizational rewards: Practical, cost-neutral alternatives that you may know but don’t practice. Organizational Dynamics, 28(1), 61-70.

·        Case, J. (2001). When salaries aren’t secret. Harvard Business Review, 79(5), pp. 37, 39, 42 & 43. [Harvard Business School Reprint R0105A. This reprint includes four commentaries that are not posted on electronic reserve. I will pass them out in class.]

Week 8 (3/18): Organization structure & culture

·        Nohria, N., Joyce, W., & Roberson, B. (2003). What really works. Harvard Business Review, 81(7), 43-52. [Harvard Business Review Reprint R0307C]

·        Dess, G. G., Rasheed, A. M. A., McLaughlin, K. J., & Priem, R. L. (1995). The new corporate architecture. Academy of Management Executive, 9(3), 7-20.

·        Sims, R. R. (2000). Changing an organization’s culture under new leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 25(1), 65-78.

·        Wetlaufer, S. 1997. What’s stifling the creativity at CoolBurst? Harvard Business Review, 75(5), 36-39. [Harvard Business School Reprint 97511. This reprint includes four commentaries that are not posted on electronic reserve. I will pass them out in class.]

Week 9 (3/25): Teams

·        Sundstrom, E. (1999). The challenges of supporting work team effectiveness. In E. Sundstrom and Associates (Ed.), Supporting work team effectiveness: Best management practices for fostering high performance (pp. 3-23). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

·        Katz, N. (2001).  Sports teams as a model for workplace teams: Lessons and liabilities. Academy of Management Executive, 15(3), 56-67.

·        Wageman, R. (1997). Critical success factors for creating superb self-managed teams. Organizational Dynamics, 26(1), 49-61.

·        Wetlaufer, S. (1994). The team that wasn’t. Harvard Business Review, 72(6), 281-284.

 

Week 10 (4/1): Managing a virtual workplace  

[This class will be held electronically; more information will be provided in class. The Week 10 WO is to be turned in at the beginning of Week 11. If you are unable to attend class during Week 11, you may send the Week 10 (but not Week 11) WO to me via e-mail before the beginning of the Week 11 class.]

·        Cascio, W. F. (2000). Managing a virtual workplace. Academy of Management Executive, 14(3). 81-90.

·        Davis, D. D. (2003). The Tao of leadership in virtual teams. Organizational Dynamics, 33(x), yyy-yyy.

·        Cramton, C. D. (2002). Finding common ground in dispersed collaboration. Organizational Dynamics, 30(4), 356-367.

Week 11 (4/8): Managing diversity and globalization  

·        Cox, T. H., & Blake, S. (1991). Managing cultural diversity: Implications for organizational competitiveness. Academy of Management Executive, 5(3), 45-56.

·        Allen, R. S., & Montgomery, K. A. (2001). Applying an organizational development approach to creating diversity. Organizational Dynamics, 30(2), 149-161.

·        Roberts, K., Kossek, E. E., & Ozeki, C. (1998). Managing the global workforce: challenges and strategies. Academy of Management Executive, 12(4), 93-106.

·        Go to the OFCCP web site at http://www.dol.gov/esa/ofcp_org.htm. At a minimum, connect to the following links and read the associated text: (1) What is the OFCCP? (2) Affirmative Action (Fact Sheet)

Week 12 (4/15): Managing stress and emotion at the workplace      [PAA # 2 is due]

·        Ashkanasy, N. M., & Daus, C. S. (2002). Emotion in the workplace: The new challenge for managers. Academy of Management Executive, 16(1), 76-86.

·        DeFrank, R. S., & Ivancevich, J. M. (1998). Stress on the job: An executive update. Academy of Management Executive, 12(3), 55-66.

·        O’Neill, H. M. & Lenn, D. J. (1995). Voices of survivors: Words that downsizing CEOs should hear. Academy of Management Executive, 9(4), 23-34.

·        Feel free to check out the GMU Resources at http://www.gmu.edu/departments/csdc/stress.html

Week 13 (4/22): Managing change

·        Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 73(2), 59-67 [Harvard Business School Reprint 95204]

·        Sugarman, B. (2001). A learning-based approach to organizational change: Some results and guidelines. Organizational Dynamics, 30(1),  62-76.

·        Risher, H. (1999). Are public employers ready for a "new pay" program? Public Personnel Management, 28(3), 323-343. [This article is not required but is recommended for students who work for the federal government. It relates to the presentation that will be given by a guest speaker. You can download it directly from the library, but I have not placed it on electronic reserve.]

 

Week 14 (4/29): Overview & wrap-up   [No weekly observation required]

 

May 6           Final exam from 7:30 to 10:15 p.m.

                      Peer Evaluations and Personal Learning Note are due at the final exam.