v <- c(2,2,2,3,3) n <- c(7,7,7,7,7) # exact V pbinom(sum(v), sum(n), 0.5) # normal approx (w/ c.c.) V pnorm((2*sum(v) + 1 - sum(n))/sqrt(sum(n))) # normal approx (w/o c.c.) V pnorm((2*sum(v) - sum(n))/sqrt(sum(n))) # exact V+ vplus <- min(v/n) sumtothis <- floor( n*vplus ) probs <- pbinom( sumtothis, n, 0.5 ) 1 - prod( (1 - probs) ) # exact most significant subtest probs2 <- pbinom( v, n, 0.5 ) 1 - ( 1 - min( probs2 ) )^length(n)