Photoperiodism; p. 632; moderate;                                                                                                   ans: c

Which of the following statements about Pr and Pfr is FALSE?

 

a.     They are photoreceptors.

b.     They participate in photoconversion reactions.

c.     Pr is the biologically active form.

d.     Pr absorbs 660-nanometer light.

e.     Pfr absorbs 730-nanometer light.

 

 

Photoperiodism; p. 631; moderate;                                                                                                   ans: e

If a short-day plant receives a one-minute exposure to light in the middle of the dark period rather than continuous darkness, it will:

 

a.     produce more flowers.

b.     produce smaller flowers.

c.     produce larger flowers.

d.     flower at a lower temperature.

e.     not flower.

 

Photoperiodism; p. 632; difficult;                                                                                                       ans: e

A high level of ______ in the middle of the dark period will inhibit flowering in ______ plants that otherwise would have flowered.

 

a.     Pr; long-day

b.     Pr; short-day

c.     Pfr; day-neutral

d.     Pfr; long-day

e.     Pfr; short-day

 

The Tropisms; p. 623; difficult;                                                                                                        ans: e

Which of the following is NOT a finding from experiments on the role of auxin in phototropism of coleoptile tips?

 

a.     Light does not affect the total amount of auxin.

b.     Light does not destroy auxin.

c.     Auxin migrates from the lighted side to the shaded side.

d.     More auxin can be isolated from the shaded side of an intact tip than from the lighted side.

e.     If the tip is split and the two halves separated by a barrier, more auxin can be isolated from the shaded side than from the lighted side.

 

The Tropisms; p. 623; moderate;                                                                                                      ans: d

______ light is the most effective in producing a phototropic response.

 

a.     Green

b.     Yellow

c.     Orange

d.     Blue

e.     Red

The Tropisms; p. 623; moderate;                                                                                                      ans: c

In plants oriented horizontally, auxin moves toward the ______ surface of shoots and toward the ______ surface of roots before bending occurs.

 

a.     upper; upper

b.     lower; lower

c.     upper; lower

d.     lower; upper

e.         cortical; epidermal

 

The Tropisms; p. 624; moderate;                                                                                                      ans: e

In roots, statoliths are localized in the:

 

a.     epidermal cells.

b.     vascular tissues.

c.     cells surrounding the vascular tissues.

d.     epidermis of the rootcap.

e.     columella.

 

Circadian Rhythms; pp. 627–628; difficult;                                                                                       ans: d

Which of the following statements about circadian rhythms is FALSE?

 

a.     They are endogenous.

b.     They can be entrained by light-dark cycles.

c.     They can be entrained by temperature cycles.

d.     They speed up as the temperature rises.

e.         They enable the plant to measure changing daylength

 

The Tropisms; pp. 626–627; moderate;                                                                                            ans: d

Which of the following statements about thigmotropism is FALSE?

 

a.     It enables roots to navigate around rocks.

b.     It is a response to contact with a solid object.

       c.     An example is the climbing of tendrils.

d.     Cells touching the support lengthen more than cells on the other side.

       e.     The stems of peas can store the memory of tactile stimulation.

 

Dormancy; p. 637; easy;                                                                                                                     ans: d

A dormant seed will germinate only when:

 

a.     the temperature becomes milder.

b.     water becomes available.

c.     oxygen becomes available.

d.     precise environmental cues are received.

e.  water and oxygen become available at the same time

 

 

 

 

 

 

Introduction; p. 260; moderate;                                                                                                         ans: c

Which of the following statements about fungi is FALSE?

 

a.     They are heterotrophic organisms.

b.     Most are multicellular.

c.     They are more closely related to plants than to animals.

d.     The largest living organism may be a fungus.

e.     Only the insects have a greater number of species.

 

Characteristics of Fungi; p. 262; moderate;                                                                                      ans: a

Coenocytic hyphae lack:

 

a.     septa.

b.     microtubules.

c.     flagellated cells.

d.     chitin.

e.     rhizoids.

 

Characteristics of Fungi; p. 264; easy;                                                                                                          ans: b

Conidia are spores produced asexually:

 

a.     in a sporangium.

b.     from conidiogenous cells.

c.     in a gametangium.

d.     from a dikaryotic mycelium.

e.     from a coenocytic hypha.

 

Characteristics of Fungi; p. 264; easy;                                                                                              ans: d

Plasmogamy is the:

 

a.     separation of plasma membranes.

b.     division of chromosomes.

c.     formation of cell walls.

d.     fusion of protoplasts.

e.     fusion of nuclei.

 

Characteristics of Fungi; p. 265; moderate;                                                                                      ans: b

The ______  are probably the most primitive fungi.

 

a.     ascomycetes

b.     chytrids

c.     basidiomycetes

d.     zygomycetes

e.     deuteromycetes

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Zygomycetes; Phylum Zygomycota; p. 268; moderate;                                                                     ans: d

In the life cycle of Rhizopus stolonifer, asexual spores are produced within a:

 

a.     zygosporangium.

b.     stolon.

c.     rhizoid.

d.     sporangium.

e.     sporangiophore.

 

Basidiomycetes, Teliomycetes, Ustomycetes; Phylum Basidiomycota; pp. 272, 274;                      ans d

    

Which of the following statements about the mycelium of the Basidiomycota is FALSE?

 

a.     The primary mycelium is monokaryotic.

b.     The secondary mycelium is dikaryotic.

c.     The tertiary mycelium is dikaryotic.

d.     Clamp connections are characteristic of the monokaryotic mycelium.

e.     The basidioma is a mycelium composed of dikaryotic hyphae.

 

 

Basidiomycetes, Teliomycetes, Ustomycetes; Phylum Basidiomycota; p. 276; difficult;                ans: d

In the mushroom life cycle, karyogamy occurs in a:

 

a.     stipe.

b.     volva.

c.     sterigma.

d.     basidium.

e.     basidiospore.

 

 

 

Symbiotic Relationships of Fungi; pp. 286–291; moderate;                                                              ans: c

Which of the following statements about lichens is FALSE?

 

a.     They consist of a mycobiont and a photobiont.

b.     They live in the harshest environments.

c.     They are very resistant to pollutants.

d.     They reproduce asexually by forming fragments, soredia, or isidia.

e.     They have very slow growth rates.

 

Ascomycetes; Phylum Ascomycota; p. 271; easy;                                                                            ans: b

In the ascomycete life cycle, meiosis takes place within a(n):

 

a.     sporangium.

b.     ascus.

c.     conidium.

d.     conidiophore.

e.     antheridium.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Symbiotic Relationships of Fungi; p. 291; moderate;                                                                                    ans: e

Ectomycorrhizae differ from endomycorrhizae in that the fungal component of ectomycorrhizae:

 

a.     is usually a zygomycete.

b.     forms arbuscules and vesicles.

c.     is not highly specific for the plant component.

d.     penetrates the cortical cells of the root.

e.     forms a Hartig net and mantle.

 

 

Dinoflagellates: Phylum Dinophyta; p. 303; easy;                                                                             ans: e

A theca is found in members of the phylum:

 

a.     Euglenophyta.

b.     Rhodophyta.

c.     Haptophyta.

d.     Cryptophyta.

e.     Dinophyta.

 

Euglenoids: Phylum Euglenophyta; p. 306; easy;                                                                             ans: d

The storage polysaccharide in euglenoids is:

 

a.     starch.

b.     lipid.

c.     glycogen.

d.     paramylon.

e.     pellicle.

 

The Heterokonts; p. 309; easy;                                                                                                         ans: c

Which of the following is NOT a group of heterokonts?

 

a.     Brown algae

b.     Diatoms

c.     Green algae

d.     Oomycetes

e.     Chrysophytes

 

The Heterokonts; p. 313; easy;                                                                                                         ans: a

The cell walls of diatoms are composed of:

 

a.     silica.

b.     cellulose.

c.     peptidoglycan.

d.     chitin.

e.     calcium carbonate.

 

 

The Heterokonts; p. 309; moderate;                                                                                                            ans: b

Which of the following statements about oomycetes is FALSE?

 

a.     They have cell walls of cellulose or cellulose-like polymers.

b.     Asexually reproduction occurs by uniflagellate zoospores.

c.     Their filaments resemble hyphae.

d.     Sexual reproduction is oogamous.

e.     Some are unicellular.

 

The Heterokonts; p. 317; moderate;                                                                                                            ans: c

The food reserve in brown algae is:

 

a.     floridean starch.

b.     chrysolaminarin.

c.     laminarin.

d.     glycogen.

e.     lipid.

 

 

Red Algae: Phylum Rhodophyta; p. 324; moderate;                                                                                     ans: d

It is thought that red algae acquired an alternation of multicellular generations in response to the:

 

a.     presence of diploid carpospores.

b.     presence of a trichogyne.

c.     presence of a carpogonium.

d.     lack of flagellated male gametes.

e.          lack of flagellated female gametes

 

Red Algae: Phylum Rhodophyta; p. 325; easy;                                                                                 ans: d

The life history of most red algae consists of the following phases:

 

a.     gametophyte and carposporophyte.

b.     gametophyte and tetrasporophyte.

c.     carposporophyte and tetrasporophyte.

d.     gametophyte, carposporophyte, and tetrasporophyte.

e.       gametophyte, sporophyte, carposporophyte, and tetrasporophyte

 

 

Green Algae: Phylum Chlorophyta; pp. 329–330; easy;                                                                   ans: a

Which of the following statements about Chlamydomonas is FALSE?

 

a.     The diploid phase is the dominant phase in its life cycle.

b.     It has two flagella of equal length.

c.     It undergoes zygotic meiosis.

d.     It has no cellulose in its cell wall.

e.     Its chloroplast contains a pyrenoid.

 

 

 

 

Green Algae; Phylum Chlorophyta; p. 339; difficult;                                                                                    ans: c

Which of the following features is NOT shared by Chara and certain plants?

 

a.     Apical growth

b.     Tissue organization in the nodal regions

c.     Flagellated cells other than sperm

d.     Pattern of plasmodesmatal connections

e.     Sporopollenin

 

 

 

The Slime Molds; p. 341; moderate;                                                                                                             ans: d

In the life cycle of plasmodial slime molds, when gametes fuse they give rise to a:

 

a.     microcyst.

b.     sporangium.

c.     spore.

d.     plasmodium.

e.     sclerotium.