Name:________________________________________________

                                              G-number_____________________________________________

                                              Lab instructor's name:___________________________________

                                              Lab section:_______


                                       Introductory Biology II, Exam II
                                                Spring, 2006

Instructions: There are 50 questions. Write down the best answer for each one. Please make sure that you fill
out your scantron correctly. In case of discrepancy, the answer on the scantron will be considered your answer.
When you're finished, please hand in the scantron & exam sheet. Good luck!

_____1) When you are exercising, capillaries would move blood away from the:
      a) muscles    b) brain       c) digestive system d) heart       e) none of the above

_____2) During anaphylactic shock:
      a) capillaries shut off the flow of blood to most of the body
      b) capillaries allow the flow of blood to most of the body
      c) capillaries move blood into the nephrons            d) capillaries don't do anything

_____3) The lymphatic system:
      a) moves leftover blood to the kidneys
      b) picks up fluid left by the blood and returns it to the circulatory system
      c) moves blood back to the right atrium                 d) moves fluid into the legs

_____4) The percentage of non-living material in blood is about:
      a) 15%        b) 25%          c) 35%         d) 45%            e) 55%

_____5) Platelets are a part of the:
      a) non-living component of blood                b) living component of blood

_____6) The end product of the blood clotting pathway is:
      a) Thrombin b) Pepsin         c) Fibrinogen         d) Fibrin           e) Thrombinogen

_____7) Which of the following factors causing heart disease is not preventable?
      a) Smoking b) Diet            c) Lack of exercise d) aging

_____8) An arrhythmia describes:
      a) a complete blockage of the coronary arteries      b) an irregular heart beat        c) heart valve failure
      d) congenital heart disease          e) none of the above

_____9) A pathogen is:
      a) a disease causing organisms          b) a fun person   c) your lecture instructor   d) none of the above

_____10) Anti-microbial enzymes are contained in which of the following:
      a) sweat      b) saliva     c) tears       d) all of the above    e) none of the above

_____11) Interferon can help to slow the spread of:
      a) bacteria    b) viruses      c) parasites d) lymphocytes              e) platelets

_____12) B-cells are manufactured in the bone marrow and continue development in the :
      a) bone marrow        b) thymus      c) thyroid   d) liver       e) spleen

_____13) B and T-cells have surfaces covered with:
      a) antigens    b) antigenic determinants     c) antigen receptors     d) phagocytes             e) effectors

_____14) Upon being exposed to an antigen, B-cells make:
      a) effector cells   b) memory cells         c) helper T-cells         d) all of the above       e) a & b

_____15) Immunity to a second infection with the same disease is provided by:
      a) effector cells    b) memory cells         c) helper T-cells     d) all of the above          e) a & b

_____16) An APC:
      a) presents antigens to helper T-cells         b) activates B-cells   c) releases antibodies
      d) interacts directly with cytotoxic B-cells   e) a & d

_____17) Type I diabetes results when the immune system attacks:
      a) the nervous system         b) the joints        c) the beta cells in the pancreas
      d) the muscular system        e) none of the above

_____18) HIV attacks:
      a) Cytotoxic T-cells    b) B-cells     c) Memory cells         d) antibodies e) helper T-cells

_____19) Malaria is caused by:
      a) a virus     b) a parasite   c) a bacteria   d) bad air      e) none of the above

_____20) Sleeping sickness is caused by:
      a) a virus     b) a parasite c) a bacteria     d) a boring lecture    e) none of the above

_____21) Sleeping sickness overwhelms the immune system by:
      a) hiding in the lymphatic system        b) killing T-Cells                  c) killing phagocytes
      d) continually changing antigens         e) making antibodies

_____22) An osmoconformer:
      a) does not regulate salt balance      b) regulates salt balance      c) lives in fresh water
      d) a & c               e) b & c

_____23) Animals that use urea to equalize water concentrations inside and outside the body:
      a) Salmon     b) Bears        c) Trout       d) Eels        e) Sharks

_____24) Metabolic waste products include all of the following except:
      a) Urea       b) Ammonia            c) Bleach        d) Uric acid

_____25) Flame cells and protonephridia are found in:
      a) Mammals            b) Flatworms           c) Earthworms            d) Insects      e) Jellyfish

_____26) Malphigian tubules are found in:
      a) Mammals            b) Flatworms             c) Earthworms          d) Insects      e) Jellyfish

_____27) Fluids excreted by the glomerulus are collected by:
      a) the proximal tubule        b) the distal tubule  c) Bowman's capsule d) Flame cells e) ADH

_____28) Important nutrients are usually reabsorbed by the:
      a) proximal tubule     b) Loop of Henle      c) Bowman's capsule d) Flame cells e) none of the above

_____29) Not all nephrons have a:
      a) proximal tubule    b) distal tubule         c) Loop of Henle          d) Bowman's capsule e) glomerulus

_____30) A salt concentration gradient is established in the kidneys by the:
      a) proximal tubule     b) distal tubule       c) Loop of Henle        d) Bowman's capsule e) glomerulus

_____31) When the permeability of the collecting duct is increased, water is:
      a) absorbed by the kidney and put back in the body
      b) not absorbed and moved to the bladder
      c) this has nothing to do with water absorption

_____32) The RAAS pathway responds to:
      a) an increase in body salt concentration      b) a decrease in body salt concentration
      c) a drop in blood pressure / volume           d) an increase in blood pressure / volume
      e) a & d

_____33) One of two hormones made in the hypothalamus:
      a) GH (growth hormone)     b) Prolactin c) ACTH                   d) Oxytocin     e) endorphins

_____34) Thyroxine slows the release of:
      a) Prolactin b) ACTH         c) Oxytocin       d) endorphins             e) TSH

_____35) Glucagon is:
      a) released by the alpha cells of the pancreas and increases blood sugar
      b) released by the alpha cells of the pancreas and decreases blood sugar
      c) released by the beta cells of the pancreas and increases blood sugar
      d) released by the beta cells of the pancreas and decreases blood sugar

_____36) Type II diabetes is characterized by (please read carefully; pick best answer!):
      a) insufficient insulin        b) inability to make insulin c) excess insulin       d) excess glucagon

_____37) A form of asexual reproduction in which the parent splits into two roughly equal pieces:
      a) fission     b) budding    c) fragmentation      d) parthenogenesis e) cloning

_____38) A form of asexual reproduction in which an egg can develop without fertilization:
      a) fission     b) budding    c) fragmentation      d) parthenogenesis e) cloning

_____39) An animal with live birth, but in which the young do not get nutrients from the mother is:
      a) oviparous b) viviparous c) vivoviparous          d) ovoviviparous        e) none of the above

_____40) Sperm are stored and matured in the:
      a) testes      b) vas deferens       c) seminal vessicles         d) prostate gland      e) none of the above

_____41) The function of prostaglandins is to:
      a) provide nutrients          b) provide lubrication              c) cause contractions in the uterus
      d) enlarge the prostate       e) buffer semen

_____42) The release of the egg by the follicle is termed:
      a) ovulation b) menstruation           c) estruation   d) vivulation e) none of the above

_____43) The fallopian tubes are lined with:
      a) endometrium         b) flagella     c) the uterus   d) cilia          e) strong and powerful muscles

_____44) The formation of secondary sexual characteristics in men is thought to be caused mostly by:
      a) estrogen   b) testosterone       c) progesterone        d) ACTH         e) LH

_____45) Progesterone suppresses:
      a) estrogen   b) FSH        c) LH             d) a & b       e) b & c

_____46) The LH surge directly causes:
      a) ovulation b) the development of a corpus luteum           c) a thickening of the uterine wall
      d) all of the above          e) a & b

_____47) About 6 - 7 days after fertilization, the human embryo is known as a:
      a) gastrocyst          b) neuroblast           c) gastrula   d) blastocyst           e) protostome

_____48) The layer in the embryo that develops into the muscles, bones, and circulatory system is the:
      a) endoderm           b) mesoderm            c) ectoderm d) ectoplasm              e) microderm

_____49) During pregnancy, high levels of estrogen cause the formation of receptors for:
      a) FSH        b) LH          c) ACTH        d) estrogen    e) oxytocin

_____50) Infants get much of their immunity from:
      a) breast milk        b) vitamin supplements         c) other infants        d) oxytocin    e) estrogen




                                                  Reminder

Please put the name of your lab instructor and your section number on the front of the exam, then hand in your
scantron and this exam.