Name:________________________________________________

                                              G-number_____________________________________________

                                              Lab instructor's name:___________________________________

                                              Lab section:_______


                                       Introductory Biology II, Exam II
                                                Spring, 2006

Instructions: There are 50 questions. Write down the best answer for each one. Please make sure that you fill
out your scantron correctly. In case of discrepancy, the answer on the scantron will be considered your answer.
When you're finished, please hand in the scantron & exam sheet. Good luck!

C____1) When you are exercising, capillaries would move blood away from the:
      a) muscles   b) brain        c) digestive system d) heart       e) none of the above

B____2) During anaphylactic shock:
      a) capillaries shut off the flow of blood to most of the body
      b) capillaries allow the flow of blood to most of the body
      c) capillaries move blood into the nephrons            d) capillaries don't do anything

B____3) The lymphatic system:
      a) moves leftover blood to the kidneys
      b) picks up fluid left by the blood and returns it to the circulatory system
      c) moves blood back to the right atrium                 d) moves fluid into the legs

E____4) The percentage of non-living material in blood is about:
      a) 15%        b) 25%         c) 35%          d) 45%        e) 55%

B____5) Platelets are a part of the:
      a) non-living component of blood                b) living component of blood

D____6) The end product of the blood clotting pathway is:
      a) Thrombin b) Pepsin        c) Fibrinogen          d) Fibrin          e) Thrombinogen

D____7) Which of the following factors causing heart disease is not preventable?
      a) Smoking b) Diet           c) Lack of exercise d) aging

B____8) An arrhythmia describes:
      a) a complete blockage of the coronary arteries      b) an irregular heart beat        c) heart valve failure
      d) congenital heart disease          e) none of the above

A____9) A pathogen is:
      a) a disease causing organisms          b) a fun person   c) your lecture instructor   d) none of the above

D____10) Anti-microbial enzymes are contained in which of the following:
      a) sweat      b) saliva     c) tears       d) all of the above   e) none of the above

B____11) Interferon can help to slow the spread of:
      a) bacteria    b) viruses     c) parasites d) lymphocytes              e) platelets

A____12) B-cells are manufactured in the bone marrow and continue development in the :
      a) bone marrow       b) thymus       c) thyroid   d) liver      e) spleen

C____13) B and T-cells have surfaces covered with:
      a) antigens   b) antigenic determinants     c) antigen receptors      d) phagocytes             e) effectors

E____14) Upon being exposed to an antigen, B-cells make:
      a) effector cells   b) memory cells         c) helper T-cells         d) all of the above       e) a & b

B____15) Immunity to a second infection with the same disease is provided by:
      a) effector cells    b) memory cells        c) helper T-cells     d) all of the above           e) a & b

A____16) An APC:
      a) presents antigens to helper T-cells         b) activates B-cells   c) releases antibodies
      d) interacts directly with cytotoxic B-cells   e) a & d

C____17) Type I diabetes results when the immune system attacks:
      a) the nervous system         b) the joints        c) the beta cells in the pancreas
      d) the muscular system        e) none of the above

E____18) HIV attacks:
      a) Cytotoxic T-cells    b) B-cells     c) Memory cells         d) antibodies e) helper T-cells

B____19) Malaria is caused by:
      a) a virus     b) a parasite   c) a bacteria   d) bad air      e) none of the above

B____20) Sleeping sickness is caused by:
      a) a virus     b) a parasite c) a bacteria     d) a boring lecture    e) none of the above

D____21) Sleeping sickness overwhelms the immune system by:
      a) hiding in the lymphatic system        b) killing T-Cells                  c) killing phagocytes
      d) continually changing antigens         e) making antibodies

A____22) An osmoconformer:
      a) does not regulate salt balance      b) regulates salt balance      c) lives in fresh water
      d) a & c               e) b & c

E____23) Animals that use urea to equalize water concentrations inside and outside the body:
      a) Salmon     b) Bears        c) Trout       d) Eels        e) Sharks

C____24) Metabolic waste products include all of the following except:
      a) Urea       b) Ammonia            c) Bleach       d) Uric acid

B____25) Flame cells and protonephridia are found in:
      a) Mammals            b) Flatworms          c) Earthworms             d) Insects      e) Jellyfish

D____26) Malphigian tubules are found in:
      a) Mammals           b) Flatworms              c) Earthworms          d) Insects      e) Jellyfish

C____27) Fluids excreted by the glomerulus are collected by:
      a) the proximal tubule       b) the distal tubule   c) Bowman's capsule d) Flame cells e) ADH

A____28) Important nutrients are usually reabsorbed by the:
      a) proximal tubule    b) Loop of Henle      c) Bowman's capsule d) Flame cells e) none of the above

C____29) Not all nephrons have a:
      a) proximal tubule    b) distal tubule        c) Loop of Henle          d) Bowman's capsule e) glomerulus

C____30) A salt concentration gradient is established in the kidneys by the:
      a) proximal tubule    b) distal tubule        c) Loop of Henle       d) Bowman's capsule e) glomerulus

A____31) When the permeability of the collecting duct is increased, water is:
      a) absorbed by the kidney and put back in the body
      b) not absorbed and moved to the bladder
      c) this has nothing to do with water absorption

C____32) The RAAS pathway responds to:
      a) an increase in body salt concentration     b) a decrease in body salt concentration
      c) a drop in blood pressure / volume          d) an increase in blood pressure / volume
      e) a & d

D____33) One of two hormones made in the hypothalamus:
      a) GH (growth hormone)    b) Prolactin c) ACTH                   d) Oxytocin     e) endorphins

E____34) Thyroxine slows the release of:
      a) Prolactin b) ACTH         c) Oxytocin      d) endorphins             e) TSH

A____35) Glucagon is:
      a) released by the alpha cells of the pancreas and increases blood sugar
      b) released by the alpha cells of the pancreas and decreases blood sugar
      c) released by the beta cells of the pancreas and increases blood sugar
      d) released by the beta cells of the pancreas and decreases blood sugar

A____36) Type II diabetes is characterized by (please read carefully; pick best answer!):
      a) insufficient insulin       b) inability to make insulin c) excess insulin        d) excess glucagon

A____37) A form of asexual reproduction in which the parent splits into two roughly equal pieces:
      a) fission    b) budding    c) fragmentation       d) parthenogenesis e) cloning

D____38) A form of asexual reproduction in which an egg can develop without fertilization:
      a) fission    b) budding    c) fragmentation       d) parthenogenesis e) cloning

D____39) An animal with live birth, but in which the young do not get nutrients from the mother is:
      a) oviparous b) viviparous c) vivoviparous          d) ovoviviparous        e) none of the above

C____40) Sperm are stored and matured in the:
      a) testes     b) vas deferens       c) seminal vessicles         d) prostate gland      e) none of the above

C____41) The function of prostaglandins is to:
      a) provide nutrients         b) provide lubrication              c) cause contractions in the uterus
      d) enlarge the prostate      e) buffer semen

A____42) The release of the egg by the follicle is termed:
      a) ovulation b) menstruation           c) estruation d) vivulation e) none of the above

D____43) The fallopian tubes are lined with:
      a) endometrium        b) flagella     c) the uterus   d) cilia          e) strong and powerful muscles

B____44) The formation of secondary sexual characteristics in men is thought to be caused mostly by:
      a) estrogen   b) testosterone      c) progesterone         d) ACTH         e) LH

E____45) Progesterone suppresses:
      a) estrogen   b) FSH        c) LH             d) a & b       e) b & c

E____46) The LH surge directly causes:
      a) ovulation b) the development of a corpus luteum           c) a thickening of the uterine wall
      d) all of the above          e) a & b

D____47) About 6 - 7 days after fertilization, the human embryo is known as a:
      a) gastrocyst         b) neuroblast            c) gastrula  d) blastocyst            e) protostome

B____48) The layer in the embryo that develops into the muscles, bones, and circulatory system is the:
      a) endoderm           b) mesoderm            c) ectoderm d) ectoplasm              e) microderm

E____49) During pregnancy, high levels of estrogen cause the formation of receptors for:
      a) FSH        b) LH          c) ACTH        d) estrogen    e) oxytocin

A____50) Infants get much of their immunity from:
      a) breast milk        b) vitamin supplements         c) other infants       d) oxytocin     e) estrogen




                                                  Reminder

Please put the name of your lab instructor and your section number on the front of the exam, then hand in your
scantron and this exam.